Indications for extractions, extraction technique and elevators Flashcards
(22 cards)
what are the indications for tooth extraction?
- unrestorable teeth - gross caries, advanced periodontal disease, tooth or root fracture, severe tooth surface loss, pulpal necrosis, apical infection
- symptomatic partially erupted teeth that cause frequent infections e.g. wisdon teeth
- traumatic positions e.g. upper wisdom teeth biting into cheek
- orthodontic indication
- interference with construction of dentures
identify these forceps and describe them - where are they used?
straight upper anterior forceps
* concave tip for single rooted teeth
* canine to canine
identify these forceps and describe them - where are they used?
upper premolar forceps (upper universal)
* curved handle for more posterior reach
* concave tip for single roots
* incisors to second premolar
identify these forceps and describe them - where are they used?
upper molar forceps
* left and right forceps for molars each side of the mouth (left for pt’s left)
* upper molars have 2 buccal roots and 1 palatal root
* concave smooth tip to engage concave surface of the palatal root
* point at end of tip to engage furcation in the buccal root (beak to cheek)
identify these forceps and describe them - where are they used?
upper ‘bayonet’ forceps
* upper bayonet 3rd molar forcep (top) - broad tips as roots may be fused
* upper bayonet root forceps - narrow tip
* * z-shape to allow good reach posteriorly
identify these forceps and describe them - where are they used?
lower universal forceps
* concave tips to engage a single root surface bucally and lingually
* central incisors to second premolars
* almost 90 degrees angle of tips to handle
identify these forceps and describe them - where are they used?
lower molar forceps
* lower molars have a mesial and distal root and buccal and lingual furcations
* have a beak on both tips to engage furcations buccally and lingually
* larger angle between tips to handle so can reach more posteriorly
identify these forceps and describe them - where are they used?
‘cowhorn’ forceps
* have narrow tips which engage the furcations with a squeeze and less force
* do not have good grip
* best with soft bone - children
where should you stand to extract in the lower right quadrant as a right-handed operator?
- stand behind patient
- use left hand to support the jaw and retract
- stand more towards the right side when extracting incisors
where should you stand to extract in the lower left quadrant as a right-handed operator?
stand infront of patient and to the right
where should you stand to extract in the upper left quadrant as a right-handed operator?
stand infront of patient and to the right
where should you stand to extract in the lower right quadrant as a right-handed operator?
stand infront of patient and to the right
where should you stand to extract the upper anteriors as a right-handed operator?
stand infront of patient and to the right
where should you stand to extract in the lower right quadrant as a left-handed operator?
stand infront of patient and to the left
where should you stand to extract in the lower left quadrant as a left-handed operator?
- stand behind the patient
- right hand supports jaw and retracts
- for incisors, stand more on the left side
where should you stand to extract in the upper right quadrant as a left-handed operator?
stand infront of patient and to the left
where should you stand to extract in the upper left quadrant as a left-handed operator?
stand infront of patient and to the left
where should you stand to extract the upper anteriors as a left-handed operator?
stand infront of patient and to the left
identify these elevators and describe them - where are they used?
coupland’s elevators
* come in different sizes
* concave tip to be applied to the convex surface of the root
* have points and corners which can be used to elevate - push down on PDL and cut it to mobilise the tooth and widen the socket
identify these elevators and describe them - where are they used?
cryer’s elevators
* left and right elevator
* have a concave outer side and convex inner side
* converges to a sharp tip
* designed to place into a socket and elevate a fractured root by twisting
identify these elevators and describe them - where are they used?
Warwick James elevators
* set of 3 instruments - straight and 2 curved instruments
* can be used for wisdom teeth (and other teeth)
* straight for lower
* curved for upper
how would you identify the left and right elevators
- identify left and right by holding elevators away from you and upwards
- tips should be facing each other and left should be in left hand and right should be in right hand
