Induction of Anaesthesia Flashcards
(22 cards)
What size of catheter should be used in a 0.8kg cat?
24 gauge
What size catheter should be used in a 1-5kg cat?
22 guage
What size catheter should be used in a 5-30kg dog?
20 gauge
What size catheter should be used in a dog over 30kg?
18 gauge
What size catheter should be used in large animal jugular veins?
10g-16g
what is the mechanism of action of propofol?
GABA A agonist
Why should cats not be reanaethetised with propofol within 7 days?
They have a mutation in a gene encoding a liver enzyme which makes ir unfunctional. They therefore have more limited metabolism than dogs and infusions result in prolonged recovery. Sighthounds also may have a prolonged recovery due to the p450 mutation in the liver.
What is the mechanism of action of Alfaxan
GABA A agonist.
What is the mechanism of metabolism of alfaxan?
hepatic
how should alfaxon be administered?
IV or IM but IM is more sedation. IV over 45 seconds. Less hypotension than propofol but have post induction apnoea
Why is premedication important in animals anaesthatised with alfaxan?
excitement is seen on recoveryin unpremedicated animals, particularly if the animals are udisturbed.
How must ketamine hydrochloride be kept?
limited access in locked cabinet
What makes ketamine a painful injeciton?
Its low pH
How is ketamine metabolised in dogs, horses and how is this different in cats
dogs horses: hepatic. Cats: renal
What is the mechanism of action of Ketamine?
NMDA antagonist. Some action at opiod receptors.
What other uses can ketamine have?
analgesic, sedative and induction agent.
Why is ketamine not used alone at higher doses?
Does not cause muscle relaxation.
what is ketamine premeded with?
alpha2 agonists or benzodiazepines (diazepam, midazolam)
Is etomidate licensed for use in animals?
No
When is etomidate used and why?
In very cardiovascular unstable patients as it does not cause changes in blood pressure or increase cardiac arrhythmias
What is the mechanism of action of etomidate?
GABA agonist.
Why does etomidate have limited use?
Does not cause good muscle relaxation or analgesia and is unlicensed in animals.
