Industrial Period - reasons Flashcards
(15 cards)
WHo invented locomotion? When?
george stepehnson
1825
What did the Catholic Emancipation Act do? When was it
1829
- allowed catholics to sit in parliament and hold most puublic offices
- removed many of the restrictions placed on roman catholics in briatin and ireland since the 17th century.
it:
-helped reduce tensiosn between catholics and protestants, especially in ireland
-relfected frowing liberal reform movements in the 19th century
Give the 2 step timeline of the buying and seeling of slaces abolished in britain vs the slavaery abolition act
1807 - Slave Trade Act - Banned the slave trade in the British Empire
1833 - Slavery Abolition Act - abolished slavery itself in most of the British EMpire ( fully enforced by 1838 )
Pre-abolition, why did africans come to england?
forced migrants to then work as enslaved servants or demestic workers
-often treated as property even thought slavery was not formally legal in england itself.
Explain the Somersett Judgement. WHen was it?
1772
- James Sommersett was brought to London from virginia to accompany his ‘owner’
-escaped, baptised and found a community willing to defend him
-recaptured and imprisoned on a ship to jamaican plantations
-freed from the ship
-case brought before the Chief Justice Lord Mansfield who rules that somersett was held illegally.
THIS resulted in some protectionto black people in England
Why did french immigrants come?
- french revolution caused many aristocrats and churchmen to fear for their lives, so BY 1792, 40,000 french refugees had arrived in england
- sympathetically accepted by British gov
Why did regional migrants come?
new industries developped in coal mining area in North England, Midlands and South Wales as they needed large supplies of coal for fuel
-for work
Why did the irish come?
in 1840s
- serious potato faminee caused many millions to migrate to port cities such as glasgow, liverpoool and london
- proxit=mity to england ( migration to england was easier, shorter and therefore cheaper than migration elsewhere)
- poverty -> sought work due to rural hardhip and overpopulation, where they found employment in industrial cities lilke liverpool and manchester ( which offered work such as jobs in construction, factories and docks’)
Why did the Chinesecome?
-British merchants cconnected to EIC began to sell the drug opium illegally in China, which, following the Opium Wars, foorced the Chinese Emperor to hand over Hong Kong to Britain.
- rapidly established a steady stream of Chinese immigrants into Britain
Why did Lascars come?
- as trade within the empire increased, so did the demand for the overseas sailors
- opening of the Suez Canal in Egypt in 1869 cut travel time in half from Britain to India, causing many more to be attracted to becoming sailors
- 10-12,000 lascars visitedd the British ports during the 19th C
- many who made the journey choe to settle, mainly because of the poor onditions n the merhcant ships
How did ignatius sancho arrive in london?
as an enslaved baby, escaped in 1749, then stayed in england to spread a message; writing musiic and letters in hopes to catalyse some type of abolition
Why did indians ( Persian heritgage - Parsis ) come?
- they were middle men between the EIC and local traders in Bombay.
-so, they took advantage of these opportunities to educate their sons and daughters by the British - many aimed and achieved businesses and education
Why did Germans come?
for new opportunities/escape repression in their own countries
- King george had become king ot he Uk in 1714 (Hanoverian-born) , leading many more germans to be welcomed as migrants in the UK
- to also escape war (william Herschel in 1758)
Why did the rossettis come?
-Gabrielle Rossetti was exiled from Southern Italy for supporting ideas of popular italian nationalism
Why did the Jews come to London’s East End?
- fleeing persecution from Russia, causing 2.5 million to emigrate - most to Britain
- as theyw ere refugees, theyw ere much less educated and were poorer than earlier Jewish immigrants
