Industrial Psych Flashcards
(25 cards)
consideration leadership
leadership behaviors that involve awareness of and sensitivity to the feelings of subordinates
contingency theory
a leadership theory in which a leader’s effectiveness is determined by the interaction between the leaders personal characteristics and the characteristics of the leadership situation
path-goal-theory
a leadership theory that focuses on the behaviors leaders should exercise to allow their subordinates to achieve personal and organizational goals
pygmalion effect
a self fulfilling prophecy in which managers expectations about the level of their employees job performance can influence that performance
scientific management
a management philosophy concerned with increasing productivity that regarded workers as extensions of the machines they operated
job congruence
the match between a persons’ abilities and the requirements of a job
merit pay
a wage system in which pay is based on ones level of performance
job satisfaction
positive and negative feelings and attitudes about ones job
pro-social behavior
behaviors directed toward supervisors, co-workers, and clients that are helpful to an organization
job characteristic theory
the theory of motivation that states that specific job characteristics lead to psychological conditions that can increase motivation, performance, and satisfaction in employees who have higher growth need
change agent
organization development facilitators who work with business groups to implement change and develop confidence and effectiveness
group cohesiveness
the focus, closeness, and commonality of interests of a small work group
person-organization fit
the congruence between an employees values and the organizations values
social loafing
the idea that people do not work as hard in groups as they do when working alone
role ambiguity
a situation that arises when job responsibilities are unstructured or poorly defined
telecommuting
the decentralization of work; the advances of computers telecommunications, and fax machines make it much easier for employees to work at home
nominal working hours
the prescribed number of hours employees are supposed to spend on the job, not all of these hours are actually spent performing job tasks
employee assistance programs (EAP)
counseling and rehabilitative services for various employee problems, notably alcohol and drug abuse
environmental psychology
the study of the effect of workplace design on behavior and attitudes
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration; it helps employers and employees reduce on the job injuries, illness, and deaths
biofeedback
a stress reduction technique that involves electronic monitoring of physiological processes so that people can learn to control muscle tension, blood pressure, and brain waves
hardiness
a personality variable that may explain individual differences in vulnerability to stress. So called hardy persons believe they can control the events in their lives and thus may be more resistant to stress
relaxation training
a stress reduction technique that concentrates on relaxing one part of the body after another
role conflict
a situation that arises when there is a disparity in job requirements or between a job’s demands and the employees personal standards
