Industrial Revolution Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is The Trades Union Congress (TUC)?
A union which oversees all unions, no matter what field, in the UK.
What did the TUC do in 1900?
They created the Labour Party.
Britain was an overwhelmingly ‘heavy industry’ like ____ and iron ore- these industries are mainly located in the _____ of England and _____ Wales.
- coal
- North
- South
What created a North and South divide?
Industries in the North were not competitive-they were reliant on exports and didn’t invest in newer technologies.
However, newer industries in the South and Midland produced consumer goods.
Old and newer industries were seen as the “Two England’s”.
What fraction of cotton, mining, and shipbuilding workforce was lost?
1/3
Growth in new industries: Electricity increase workforce by _/3, _________ industry by 33%, and service industry (hotels) by _ _% during 1930s.
- 2/3
- building
- 40
What 3 industries were not directly concerned with the production of physical goods?
1) Retail
2) 2) Hospitality (restaurants)
3) Domestic workers (butlers, servants, maids etc.)
How many strikes (and how many workers strike) in 1917?
There were 48 strikes with 200,000 workers.
Name 3 reasons strikers would strike.
- repressed wages
- food shortages
- rising prices.
When was The Miner’s Strike?
1921
What caused The Miner’s Strike?
Why did The Miners Strike fail?
It wasn’t united and it was counter productive.
What was the Miners Federation of Great Britain (MFGB)?
A formidable union that represented over a million miner’s interests, posed a potential threat.
When was The General Strike?
1926
What caused The General Strike?
What were the 3 main consequences of workforce changes between 1929-1939?
Industrial relations in the 50s and 60s:
Membership in unions increased to over _ million between 1950-__, but there were a few strikes. Strikers wanted to increase ______, less for socialist ideals, and more for consumerism.
There was an average of ____ strikes per year between 1945 and 1954 but this rose to 2,521 between 1955 and 19__.
- 9
- 60
- wages
- 1,751
- 64
What were Wildcat strikes and what % of strikes did these take up during the 1960s?
Strikes that weren’t sanctioned by the unions and they were approximately 90 % of strikes during the 1960s.
What did Barbara Castle’s “In Place of Strife” Wite Paper from 1969 propose?
To force unions to call a ballot before a strike was held and the establishment of an Industrial Board to enforce settlements in industrial disputes.
Who in the Labour Cabinet of the Harold Wilson opposed ‘The In Place Of Strife’?
The Labour Cabinet was divided seeing as the proposals had been drafted in secret by Wilson and Castle. Specifically, opposition was led by Home Secretary James Callahan when the proposals were presented to the Cabinet.
How did the public and the unions react to ‘The In Place Of Strife’?
The unions themselves were completely opposed. However, the public (especially the idle class) loved the idea for restricting union power.
What happened to “In Place of Strife”?
A settlement was eventually reached with the Trades Union Congress whereby the proposals were dropped.
- It was influential in the drafting of the Trade Union and Labour Relations Act 1974, despite the paper itself never resulting in legislation, (“TULRA”).
What did the ‘In Place Of Strife’ report suggest about the state of relations between the government and unions?
It suggests a breakdown of the relationship between the government and the unions. This shows the unions are in control- this gives more problems for Heath and later Wilson.
What was a Shop steward?
A person elected by workers, for example in a factory, to represent them in dealings with management.
