industrial revolution #2 Flashcards
(35 cards)
king George III
was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death. He was concurrently Duke and prince-elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg in the Holy Roman Empire until his promotion to King of Hanover on 12 October 1814.
taxatron without representationn
No taxation without representation” is a slogan originating during the 1750s and 1760s that summarized a primary grievance of the American colonists in the Thirteen Colonies, which was one of the major causes of the American Revolution.
the stamp act
The Stamp Act 1765 (short title Duties in American Colonies Act 1765; 5 George III, c. 12) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain that imposed a direct tax on the colonies of British America and required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in London, carrying an embossed revenue stamp.
George washington
was an American politician and soldier who served as the first President of the United States from 1789 to 1797 and was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He served as Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and later presided over the 1787 convention
Red coats
Red coat or Redcoat is a historical item of military clothing used widely, though not exclusively worn, by most regiments of the British Army from the 17th to the 20th centuries. From the mid-17th century to the 19th century, the uniform of most British soldiers included a madder red coat or coatee.
continental army
The Continental Army was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America.
seven year war
The Seven Years’ War was a war that took place between 1754 and 1763 with the main conflict being in the seven-year period 1756–1763.
loyalists
were American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War. At the time they were often called Tories, Royalists, or King’s Men; Patriots called them “persons inimical to the liberties of America.” They were opposed by the Patriots, those who supported the revolution.
patriots
The New England Patriots are a professional American football team based in the Greater Boston region. The Patriots compete in the National Football League as a member club of the league’s American Football Conference East division.
Thomas jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was an American Founding Father who was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence and later served as the third President of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Prior thereto, he was elected the second Vice President of the United States, serving under John Adams from 1797 to 1801
Declaration of independence
The Declaration of Independence severed the political connections between the thirteen original American colonies and Great Britain. By declaring themselves an independent nation, the American colonists were able to forge an official alliance with the government of France and obtain French assistance in the war against Great Britain.
the three Estates
The estates of the realm, or the three estates, were the broad social classes recognized in the Middle Ages and Early Modern period in Christian Europe. The three estates refer to the clergy, the nobility, and commoners, and are often referred to by medieval ranking of importance as the First, Second, and Third Estates respectively.
louis xv
Louis XV, known as Louis the Beloved, was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death.
marie antoinette
born Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna, was the last Queen of France prior to the French Revolution. She was born an Archduchess of Austria, and was the fifteenth and second youngest child of Empress Maria Theresa and Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor.
national assembly
During the French Revolution, the National Assembly, which existed from June 13, 1789 to July 9, 1789, was a revolutionary assembly formed by the representatives of the Third Estate (the common people) of the Estates-General; thereafter (until replaced by the Legislative Assembly on Sept. 30, 1791) it was known as the National Constituent Assembly, though popularly the shorter form persisted.
estates General
In France under the Old Regime, the Estates General or States-General, was a legislative and consultative assembly (see The Estates) of the different classes (or estates) of French subjects. It had a separate assembly for each of the three estates, which were called and dismissed by the king.
Declaration of right of man
The last article of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen was adopted on 26 August 1789 by the National Constituent Assembly, during the period of the French Revolution, as the first step toward writing a constitution for France.
constitution of 1791
The short-lived French Constitution of 1791 was the first written constitution in France, created after the collapse of the Absolute Monarchy of the Ancien Régime. One of the basic precepts of the revolution was adopting constitutionality and establishing popular sovereignty.
emigres
An émigré is a person who has “migrated out”, often with a connotation of political or social self-exile. The word is the past participle of the French émigrer ‘to emigrate’. Whereas emigrants have likely chosen to leave one place and become immigrants in a different clime, not usually expecting to return, émigrés see exile as a temporary expedient forced on them by political circumstances.
moderates
a person who holds moderate views, especially in politics.
conservatives
as a political and social philosophy promotes retaining traditional social institutions in the context of culture and civilization. Some conservatives seek to preserve things as they are, emphasizing stability and continuity, while others, called reactionaries, oppose modernism and seek a return to “the way things were”.
Reignof Terror
The Reign of Terror was a period of factional and ideological violence during the French Revolution. It lasted from September, 1793 to July 1794 and is named for the many executions of those denounced as “enemies of the state”, mainly in Paris but also in other areas of France.
jacobins
The Society of the Friends of the Constitution, after 1792 renamed Society of the Jacobins, Friends of Freedom and Equality, commonly known as the Jacobin Club or just collectively Jacobins, was the most famous and influential political club in the development of the French Revolution.
maximillian Robespierre
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre was a French lawyer and politician. He was one of the best-known and most influential figures associated with the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror.
