Industrial toxicants & rodenticides - burgfeld Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are the 2 types of petroleum products derived from crude oil. Give one example of each. Which is more toxic?
sweet - gasoline - most toxic
sour - lubricant oil
What is the main clinical sign of the crude oil petroleum products?
Aspiration pneumonia
What are the 3 refined petroleum products & their associated clinical signs?
Long chain - aspiration pneumonia
Chlorinated - cns depression
Aromatic - bone marrow suppression
What electrolyte does industrial flouride have the higehst affinity to?
Ca+
What is industrial flourides MoA?
Hypocalcemia, internal hemmorrhage - death from resp and cv failure. competition with bone Ca.
What are the clin signs of industrial flouride?
Brown/black enamel of teeth, hypocalcemia
What are the 3 types of detergents in their order of least to most toxic?
Non-ionic
Anionic
Cationic
What main organ system do the detergents affect & what would be the main treatment?
GI & MM. Want to wash them, use charocal and not induce emesis
What are the 3 types of bleaches?
Chlorine
Sodium chloride - liquid
Calcium chloride - powder
What is the MoA of Zinc Phosphide?
What happens to it once it reaches the stomach?
Inhibit oxidative phosphorylation & cellular energy, increasing free radicals.
Stomach acid enhances toxicity - turns the powder into a gas
What clinical signs will we see with Zinc Phosphide poisoning?
GI tract - cautic
Anoxia
vomit w/ or w/o blood
Increased resp rate
What is the treatment for Zinc Phosphide?
Good ventillation
Antacids
Supportive therapy
What is the MoA of Fluoroacetate?
Interferes with cell respiration by competing with a krebs cycle enzyme
What organ does Fluoroacetate target?
CV
What are the clinical signs for fluoroacetate?
Hypocalcemia & increased serum concentration of citrate
tonic seizures not elicit by external stimuli
What is the treatment for Fluoroacetate
Gastric lavage & charcoal
supp treatment
emetics
What is the MoA of Strychnine?
glycine antagonist
exaggerated reflex arc due to increased nueornal hyperexcitability
increased neuromusuclar activity
What are the clinical signs of Strychnine?
Tonic seizures elicited by light
rapid rigor mortis
What is the MoA of cholecalciferol?
Mineralization of organs, loss of function
What are the clinical signs of Cholecalciferal?
Hypercalcemia & phosphatemia
What is the treatment for cholicalciferol?
pamidronate
What is the MoA of bromethalin?
Cerebral and spinal edema causing ICP
What are the clin signs of bromethalin?
ICP, Brain and SC edema, paralysis
