Industrialization Flashcards
Tenement
Overcrowded, slum housing
Rural
Areas where not many people live
In “the country”
These areas are always shrinking
Industrialization
Making stuff with machines in big factories Mass production
Capitalism
CAPITAL=MONEY Businesses competing to make money Laissez Faire, Market Economy
Agrarian
Related to farming
Mechanization
Producing stuff with machines Automation
Industry
The business of making things
Laissez-faire
An enlightenment philosophy Means “Hands Off”–the government stays out of businesses way, and lets them direct their own course Capitalism, Market Economy
Social Darwinism
Survival of the fittest Only the strong survive—everyone is competing against everyone else Example: small businesses can’t compete with bigger ones, so they just go out of business
Corporation
business that is owned by many people not just one person Example: Walmart, Sony, Ford, etc.
Monopoly/Trust
One company is the only place you can get a certain good or service – No competition Example: Standard Oil, U.S. Steel
Sherman Antitrust Act
1 st federal law to attempt to limit monopolies
Efficiency
Eliminating waste: – Eliminating wasted time, money, energy, resources, etc. Example: taking the shortest route to get somewhere
Productivity
Measure of inputs vs outputs If you produce more with the same amount of resources or less, your productivity goes UP Example: today you 10 workers produce 10 cars; tomorrow, the same 10 workers produce 15 cars. Productivity went up.
Specialization
Getting really good at producing or doing ONE thing. Examples: a kicker on a football team; a line worker who just bolts on the front left tire of a car
Interdependence
Two or more things that need each other to work. Example: – Steel Companies need railroads to ship their steel around the country – Railroads need steel to make their tracks, trains, bridges, etc. THEY NEED EACH OTHER This is a result of specialization
Immigration
People Moving Into a country Example: a person moves here from Italy or Mexico
Emigration
People Leaving a country The Opposite of immigration
Migration
Moving within a country
Nativism
Showing favoritism toward non-immigrants (“natives”) – Has NOTHING to do with American Indians! Example: refusing to hire immigrants
Urbanization
Cities getting bigger Urban = City
Political Corruption
Using a position of power to cheat and make money
Suburbs
Communities just outside of cities—not as densely populated, but not rural EX: Pickerington, Westerville, Dublin
Policy
A course of action • It answers the question: “How are we going to do things?” Example: “Late to class, no hall pass”
