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Industries Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the wood processed after being cut down?

A

The wood is processed at the pulp mill.

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2
Q

What happens to wood at the pulp mill?

A

The wood is converted into wood pulp.

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3
Q

What is the role of secondary activities in manufacturing?

A

Secondary activities add value to raw materials.

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4
Q

What products do mineral-based industries make?

A

Iron

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5
Q

Give examples of forest-based industries.

A

Pulp and paper

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6
Q

What factors determine the size of an industry?

A

Capital

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7
Q

What are examples of small-scale industries?

A

Basket weaving

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8
Q

What are examples of large-scale industries?

A

Automobile production

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9
Q

What is a cottage industry?

A

Small-scale industry with hand-manufactured products.

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10
Q

Give examples of public sector industries.

A

Hindustan Aeronautics

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11
Q

Give an example of a joint sector industry.

A

Maruti Udyog Limited.

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12
Q

Give examples of co-operative sector industries.

A

Anand Milk Union Limited

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13
Q

What factors affect the location of industries?

A

Raw material

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14
Q

Why do industries locate where factors are easily available?

A

To minimize costs and maximize efficiency.

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15
Q

What incentives does the government provide for industry location in backward areas ?

A

Subsidised power, lower transport costs

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16
Q

What does industrialisation often lead to?

A

Development and growth of towns and cities.

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17
Q

What are inputs in an industrial system?

A

Raw materials

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18
Q

What are the processes in an industrial system?

A

Activities that convert raw material into finished products.

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19
Q

What are outputs in an industrial system?

A

The end product and income earned.

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20
Q

What are the inputs for the textile industry?

A

Cotton

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21
Q

What processes are involved in the textile industry?

A

Ginning
Spinning
Weaving
Dyeing
Printing

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22
Q

What is the output of the textile industry?

A

The shirt you wear.

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23
Q

Why do industries cluster in industrial regions?

A

To share benefits of proximity.

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24
Q

What are the major industrial regions of the world?

A

Eastern North America
Western and central Europe
Eastern europe
Easter Asia

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25
Where are major industrial regions typically located?
Temperate areas Sea ports Coal fields
26
What are some industrial regions in India?
Mumbai-Pune
27
What are other industrial regions in India?
Chottanagpur
28
What are the main causes of industrial accidents/disasters?
Technical failure or irresponsible handling of hazardous materials.
29
What happened in the Bhopal disaster?
On 3 December 1984
30
What was the cause of the Gao Qiao disaster?
A gas well blowout on 23 December 2005
31
What are some risk reduction measures for industrial areas?
Densely populated areas should be far from industrial zones. People should be aware of hazardous substances and their effects. Fire warning systems and fighting systems should be improved. Storage capacity of toxic substances should be limited . Pollution dispersion qualities in the industries should be improved.
32
What are emerging industries also known as?
"Sunrise Industries," including Information Technology, wellness hospitality and knowledge
33
What are the major industries worldwide?
Iron and steel industry Textile industry IT industries
34
Where is the iron and steel industry located?
Germany Usa China Japan Russia
35
Where is the textile industry concentrated?
India Hongkong South Korea Japan Taiwan
36
What are the major hubs of the Information Technology industry?
Silicon Valley (USA) of central california and the Bangalore region (India).
37
What is the process involved in the iron and steel industry?
Iron ore is smelted in a blast furnace
38
What is steel used for?
Steel is used in machinery, buildings, vehicles, pipelines, and tools.
39
What was the ideal location for the iron and steel industry before 1950?
Near coal fields and transportation routes like canals and railways.
40
Why did the iron and steel industry location change after 1950?
As industries grew larger, iron ore had to be imported, making locations near sea ports ideal.
41
Key iron and steel industry centers in India?
Bhilai, Durgapur, Burnpur, Jamshedpur, Rourkela, Bokaro that spreads over four states west bengal, jharkhand , odisha , chattisgarh . Bhadravati, Vijay Nagar, Vishakhapatnam, and Salem.
42
When was Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) established?
TISCO was established in 1907 at Sakchi (Jharkhand) near the confluence of the rivers subarnarekha and kharkai in jharkhand
43
Why was Sakchi chosen for TISCO?
This place was only 32kms away from kalimati station on the benhal-nagout railway line .Its proximity to iron ore, coal, and manganese deposits, as well as being close to Kolkata, for a large market
44
What resources does TISCO rely on for production?
Coal from Jharia coalfields and iron ore, limestone, dolomite, and manganese from Odisha and Chhattisgarh. The rivers near ut provide sufficient water
45
What happened to Sakchi after TISCO's establishment?
Sakchi was renamed Jamshedpur.
46
What other industries are found in Jamshedpur?
In addition to TISCO, industries producing chemicals, locomotive parts, agricultural equipment, machinery, tinplate, cable, and wire were set up.
47
How did the iron and steel industry contribute to India’s industrial development?
The development of iron and steel industry in India spurred growth in nearly all sectors, providing the basic infrastructure necessary for industries to thrive.
48
What types of steel mills exist in India?
India has large integrated steel plants, mini steel mills, secondary producers, rolling mills, and ancillary industries.
49
What is Pittsburgh known for?
Pittsburgh is a major steel city in the United States, benefiting from locational advantages for steel production, including access to coal and iron ore, as well as water routes for transportation.
50
How does Pittsburgh get its raw materials for steel production?
Pittsburgh obtains coal locally, and iron ore is sourced from iron mines in Minnesota 1500km from Pittsburgh, shipped via the Great Lakes waterway.
51
Where are the steel mills located in the Pittsburgh area today?
Most large steel mills are located in the valleys of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers above Pittsburgh, and along the Ohio River below it.
52
What products are made in Pittsburgh using steel as raw material?
Pittsburgh factories produce railroad equipment, heavy machinery, and rails using steel as their primary raw material.
53
What are the raw materials of the textile industry?
Fibers, which can be natural (cotton, wool, silk, linen, jute) or man-made (nylon, polyester, acrylic, rayon).
54
How did the cotton textile industry develop?
It was handwoven before the 18th century. The Industrial Revolution introduced power looms, first in Britain, then globally.
55
India’s tradition in cotton textiles?
India produced fine cotton textiles like Muslins of dhaka, Calicos of calicut, and Chintzes of masulipatnam, and gold wrought cotton of burhanpur , Surat and vadodara known for quality but were costly compared to the mechanized mills of the West.
56
When did India get mechanized mills?
The first was in Mumbai in 1854, marking the industry's rapid expansion.
57
Where did the textile industry first flourish in India?
It flourished in Maharashtra and Gujarat due to the favorable humid climate.
58
Current status of the Indian textile industry?
One-third of India’s textile production is exported.
59
Key centres of the Indian textile industry?
Coimbatore, Kanpur, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ludhiana, Puducherry, and Panipat.
60
Why is Ahmedabad important?
Ahmedabad became a major textile hub due to its proximity to cotton, ideal climate, and transportation links. The first mill was set up in 1859.
61
Why have mills in Ahmedabad closed?
Due to new textile centres and outdated technology in the mills.
62
Why is Osaka an important textile centre in Japan?
Osaka’s development was due to its plain, humid climate, river for water, available labor, and port access for raw cotton.
63
Challenges faced by Osaka’s textile industry?
The industry is now replaced by other sectors like steel and machinery shipbuilding ,automobiles, electrical equipment and cement and depends entirely on imported cotton.

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