Industry mechanics technologys Flashcards
(25 cards)
Mechanisation
The introduction of machines or automatic devices into the manufacturing process of products.
Technology
The knowledge derived from problem-solving for making easier human goals and the concrete devices which arrive as a result.
mass production
The creation of large amounts of standardised (all of the same type) products in a constant flow, including and especially in factories on assembly lines.
Manufacturing
The creation or production of goods, typically with the intention that they be sold for profit.
steam locomotive
A vehicle typically set on rails and pulling a train that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of steam power.
Internal combustion engine
A heat engine in which the ignition and combustion of a fuel occurs within the engine itslef, usual powered by petrol.
Steam power
The use of high-pressure steam to produce energy to power machines. The harnessing of this type of power was invented by Thomas Newcommen and improved by James Watt and others coming after.
Electrical power
The supply of electric current to a building for heating, lighting, or operating machinery.
Railways
A track made of steel rails along which trains run.
Canals
Waterways or engineered channels built for drainage management or for conveyancing water transport vehicles and their cargo, like coal.
petroleum
A naturally occurring liquid found beneath the earth’s surface that can be refined into fuel to power vehicles and machinery.
Steel
An alloy of iron containing about 0.5% to 2% carbon, which has improved strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron.
coal
A sedimentary rock, black in colour and a highly combustible and dense form of fuel. It was used extensively in the Industrial Revolution as a substitute for charcoal.
Coke
A purified form of coal attained by removing impurities after heating coal in a low-oxygen environment, much like in the creation of charcoal from wool.
water power
The use of falling or fast-running water to produce energy to power machines. This type of power was used extensively in Britain and America just before the emergence of steam power.
Cast iron
A type of iron with a high carbon content, leaving it with high compressive strength but low tensile strength, meaning it is brittle.
Charcoal
A form of carbon produced by strongly heating wood in minimal oxygen to remove all water and other impurities.
Smog
Fog or haze intensified by smoke or other atmospheric pollutants. This was especially prevalent in cities like London during the Industrial Revolution because of the widespread use of coal in households for heating and cooking.
urbanisation
The largescale movement of people from countryside to cities.
deforestation
The widespread clearance of stands of trees in woodlands and forests. This occurred in Britain in the leadup to the Industrial Revolution as a consequence of the high demand for charcoal production.
Cholera
An extremely serious disease that can cause severe acute watery diarrhoea with severe dehydration. A severe outbreak of this disease occured in 1854 in London.
assembling line manufacturing
A production process that breaks up the manufacture of a product into steps that are completed in a pre-defined and repetitive way.
Blast furnace
A site used for smelting on a large scale to produce industrial metals, generally cast iron.
slum
A highly populated urban residential area consisting of densely packed housing units of weak build quality and often associated with poverty.
