Infancy And Childhood- Physical And Cognitive Development

Question 0

Childhood

Answer 0

Toddler to adolescent

Question 1

Infancy

Answer 1

Newborn to toddler

Question 2

Reflexes

Answer 2

Inmates involuntary behavior patterns

Question 3

5 reflexes

Answer 3

Grasping
Startle 
Rooting
Stepping
Sucking

Question 4

Pruning

Answer 4

Unused neural connections are shut down as used neural connections are bolstered
Influenced by experience

Question 5

Maturation

Answer 5

Biological growth processes that enabled orderly changes in behavior
Relatively in influenced by experience

Question 6

Universal similarities

Answer 6

Sequence

Question 7

Individual differences

Answer 7

Timing

Question 8

Genetic influences

Answer 8

Identical twins typically begin sitting up and walking on nearly the same day

Question 9

Infantile amnesia

Answer 9

The inability of people to remember anything that occurred before age three

Question 10

Dual level processing

Answer 10

Conscious recall

Unconscious processing

Question 11

Conscious recall

Answer 11

Basically non existent before age 3.5

Question 12

Unconscious processing

Answer 12

Infants can learn and retain associations when that are just months old

Question 13

Jean Piagets theory

Answer 13

Stage based model of children’s cognitive development

Question 14

Cognition

Answer 14

All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Question 15

Schemas

Answer 15

Coco cents or frameworks that organize and interpret information

Question 16

Assimilation

Answer 16

Interpreting new experiences in terms of existing schemas

Question 17

Accommodation

Answer 17

Adapting ones current understanding (schemes) to incorporate new information

Question 18

Piagets basic theory

Answer 18

Children develop a more advanced understanding of their world through experience which usually comes in the form of spurts of change

Question 19

Piagets stages

Answer 19

• Sensorimotor
• Pre-operational
• Concrete operational
• Formal operational

Question 20

Sensorimotor stages

Answer 20

Infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
Birth to about two years

Question 21

Developmental phenomena

Answer 21

Object permanence

Stranger anxiety

Question 22

Object perm inane

Answer 22

The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived

Question 23

Stranger anxiety

Answer 23

The fear of strangers that infants commonly display

Question 24

The preoperational stage

Answer 24

The stage during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic Two years to about six or seven years

Question 25

Developmental phenomena

Answer 25

Animism Conservation Egocentrism Theory of mind

Question 26

Animism

Answer 26

He belief that anything that moves is alive

Question 27

Conservation

Answer 27

The principles that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects Not well development

Question 28

Egocentrism

Answer 28

Difficulty taking another's point of view

Question 29

Theory of mind

Answer 29

Peoples ideas about their own and others mental states | Not well developed

Question 30

Concrete operational stage

Answer 30

The stage during which children gain mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events 6 years to 12 years

Question 31

Developmental phenomena

Answer 31

Conservation Concrete concepts abstract concepts Mathematical transformations

Question 32

Conservation

Answer 32

Is understood by a child in the concrete operational stage

Question 33

Concrete concepts

Answer 33

Concepts about objects, written rules, and things that can be sensed physically

Question 34

Abstract concepts

Answer 34

Concepts that do not have a concrete, physical reality | Not well developed in this stage

Question 35

Mathematical transformations

Answer 35

Are understood by children in this stage

Question 36

Formal operational stage

Answer 36

The stage during which people think logically about abstract concepts

Question 37

Developmental phenomena

Answer 37

Abstract logic | Mature moral reasoning

Question 38

Abstract logic

Answer 38

Understood by people in this stage

Question 39

Mature moral reasoning

Answer 39

Potential increases as adolescence understand hypothetical propositions and infer consequences