Infant G/D Flashcards
(95 cards)
1
Q
How much weight will an infant lose 3-4 days after birth
A
5-10%
2
Q
what is the causes of weight loss of an infant post birth
A
- withdrawal of hormones from mother
- loss of excessive extra cellular fluid
- passage of meconium (feces) and urine
- Limited food intake
3
Q
Size of newborn stomach at days 1;3, wekk 1; and 1 month
A
day 1 : cherry - 5-7 ml
day 3 : walnut - 22-27 ml
1 week: apricot - 45-60 ml
1 month: egg - 80-150 ml
4
Q
newborn vs 1 yr: RR;HR;BP
A
NB: RR = 30-60 min; HR 120-160; BP 80/40
1yr: RR = 23-30;HR 100-120: BP 100/60
5
Q
how long is fetal hemoglobin present in infants
A
5 months
6
Q
T/F fetal hemoglobin has a shorter lifespan of RBCs but carries more O2
A
True
7
Q
when does maternal iron stores diminish
A
5-6 months
8
Q
When does digestive enzymes begin to function in infants
A
3 months - 6 months
9
Q
why do infants drool
A
poorly coordinated swallow reflex
10
Q
when do amylase and lipase begin functioning
A
4-6 months
11
Q
Vision Growth @ birth to 1M
A
- follows object to midline
- can see 8-10 inches away
- prefers black/white images
12
Q
Vision @ 2M
A
can lift and look BUT CANNOT cross midline
13
Q
Vision @ 3M
A
interested in faces
begins to associate with visual stimuli and events
14
Q
Vision @ 4M
A
CAN FOLLOW PAST MIDLINE;
hand regard;
recognizes familiar objects;
follows parents
15
Q
vision @ 6M
A
directed reach;
depth perception
16
Q
Vision @ 10M
A
Object Permanence
17
Q
Hand control @ 7 months
A
can transfer objects from hand to hand
18
Q
Hearing @ 3-6M
A
localizes sound:
begins to understand FEW words
19
Q
hearing @ 6-12 months
A
says first meaningful word
20
Q
hearing at 12M
A
hears and follow simple commands
21
Q
When does the first deciduous tooth occur
A
5-6 M
22
Q
Taste in infants
A
well developed as bitter and sour fluids are resisted while sweet is accepted
23
Q
Head control @ 1 M;3M;4-6 M
A
1= marked head lag 3 = can hold head up 4-6 = well established head control
24
Q
Age at which infant rolls from belly to back
A
5M
25
Age at which infant rolls from back to belly
6M
26
Infant can sit with support
by 6M
27
infant can sit alone leaning forward on their hands for support
by 7M
28
infants can sit unsupported
by 8M
29
Infant can go into a sitting position from prone or supiine
by 10M
30
Why is tummy time important
helps can control of muscles in head and neck
31
Infant locomotion @ 4-6M; 6-7M; 8-10M; 9 M 11M; 10-12M ; 12M
4-6 = increased coordination in arms; able to push themselves backwards with arms
6-7 = can bear all of their weight on legs
8-10 = can crawl forward on belly first
9 = stands holding furniture
11 = able to creep on hands and knee
10-12M = Cruises ; can sit from upright position
12 M = walks well with one hand held
32
When do most babies walk well
by 15 months
33
are walkers recommended for infants
NO; can put them at risk for injury
34
hands are predominantly closed around what age
1 month
35
when to infants desire to grasp
3 months
36
two handed; voluntary grasps are seen around
5 months
37
intentionally bringing things to mouth
4-6 months
38
age when infant will hold bottle, and grasp feet
6 months
39
infant will transfer from hand to hand
7M
40
when do pincer grasp begin to develop? and when are they refined?
develops by 8-9 M and refined by 11-12M
41
Presentation (head, body movement) @ 2 months
Holds head erect in mid-position;
| turns from side back
42
presentation (head,grasps) @ 3 months
hold head erect and steady;
43
presentation @ 4 months
```
sit with adequate support
/
roll over from front to back
/
hold head erect and steady while in sitting position
/
bring hands together in midline and plays with fingers
/
grasp objects with both hands
```
44
presentation @ 5 months
```
balance head well when sitting
/
sit with slight support
/
pulls feet up to mouth when supine
/
grasp objects with whole hand
/
hold one object while looking at another
```
45
presentation @ 6 months
```
sit alone briefly
/
turn completely over
/
lift chest and upper abdomen when prone
/
hold own bottle
```
46
presentation @ 7 months
```
sit alone
/
hold cup
/
imitate simple acts of others
```
47
presentation @ 8 months
```
sit alone steadily
/
drink from cup with assistance
/
eat finger foods
```
48
presentation @ 9 months
```
rise to sitting position alone
/
crawl (ARMY CRAWL)
/
hold one bottle with good hand-mouth coordination
```
49
presentation @ 10 months
```
creep well
/
walk but with help
/
brings hands together
/
object permenance
```
50
presentation @ 11 months
walk holding on furniture
/
stand erect with minimal support
51
presentation @ 12 months
```
stand alone for variable length of time
/
sit down from standing position alone
/
walk in few steps with help
/
pick up small bits of food and transfer them to mouth
```
52
kohlberg stage of infancy
preconventional morality-obedience and punishment orientation
53
erikson stage of infancy
trust vs mistrust
54
piaget stage of infancy
sensorimotor
55
4 substages of sensorimotor in infancy
reflexive - birth - 1m
primary circular reactions - 1m -4m
secondary circular reactions 4m-8m
coordination of secondary 9m-12m
56
what influences infant sexuality
```
heightened oral sensitivity
/
skin to skin contact
/
acceptance by parents
```
57
In social development of an infant what does Attachment depend on
ability to discriminate the mother from others and on the development of object permanence
58
waht is parent infant attachment critical to
mental health
59
what are 4 things we see in social development of infants
```
crying brings attention
/
smiling in response to others smiling
/
fear of strangers
/
responds to their name
```
60
behaviors that influence attachment
```
different crying, smiling, and vocalization
/
crying when mother leaves room
/
looking more at mother
/
approaching through locomotion
/
clinging
/
exploring away but using mother as a base
```
61
what age is social smile seen
6-8 wks
62
social development @ 1 wk;6-8 wks; 3M; 6M; 7M
```
1 wk = show preference for human face
/
6-8wk = social smile
/
3M = show excitement at new things
/
6M = personable and interactive
/
7M = imitate actions and noises; shows displeasure
```
63
social development @ 8M; 10 M; 12 M
8M = imitating sounds usually constants first
/
10M = play games like pat a cake and peekaboo
/
9-10 M = understand simple commands
/
12M = very interactive; show pleasure and displeasure; do somethings themselves
64
Can infants go through social withdrawls?
yes, during first 3 years if prolonged separation occurs physical growth may slow, and more prone to sickness
65
stages of social separation withdrawl
```
protest
/
despair
/
detachment
```
66
what is reactive attachment disorder
occurs after maladaptive or absent attachement
67
what may reactive attachment disorder lead to
antisocial behavior
68
what age does stranger fear occur
6-7 months
69
what age does separation anxiety occur
9-10 months ; peak around 12 months
70
when is hearing and touch well developed
at birth
71
sight is not fully developed until when
6 years
72
smiling happens at what age
2M
73
searching and turning head to locate sounds happends by
2M
74
taste preferences happen by
6M
75
responds to own name by
7M
76
able to follow objects by
12M
77
can vocalize 4 words by
1 Year
78
When are emotions beginning to be recognizable
10-12 months
79
What stress out an infant
loss of caregivers
loud noises
lights
sudden movements
80
infants sleep in first 4 months
16-20 hrs
81
sleep by 5 months
sleep through night with 2 daytime naps
82
play in 3-6 month
shows discriminant interest; 4 months laugh aloud
focus on sensory stimulation
solitary play
83
play 7-12 months
discriminate between who and what they play with
focus on sense of security; sensory stim ; gross and fine motor stim ; begin causal relationship; object permanence
becoming more interactive
(blocks, nesting toys, Soft rubbery ball)
84
crying in first 3 weeks
1 to 1.5 hrs/day
85
crying @ 6 weeks
2-4 hrs /day
86
vocalization begins at
5-6 wks
87
Language @ 2M
coos, cry is differentiated
88
Language @ 3-4M
consonant sounds, laughs alound
89
Language @ 5-7 M
vowel sounds
90
Language @ 8M
imitating sounds, combining syllables
91
Language @9-10 m
understand simple commands and "no"
92
Language @12 m
can say 3-5 words with meaning BESIDES mama and dada
93
red flags in infant development
Unable to transfer objects from hand to hand by age 1 year
/
Abnormal pincer grip or grasp by age 15 months
/
Unable to walk alone by 18 months
/
Failure to speak recognizable words by 2 years.
94
patterns of temperament in infants
```
Easy Child
/
Slow to Warm Up
/
Difficult child
/
```
95
infant discipline happens around what age
6-18M
