Infection Flashcards
Investigations for infectious mononucleosis
Monospot test for heterophile antibodies
+ve = confirm
-ve = repeat in 5-7d (Ab can take 6w to appear)
FBC = lymphocytosis (+ atypical lymphocytes)
LFTs = ALT and AST 2-3x normal
EBV antibodies
IgM = rise early (acute infection)
IgG = suggest immunity
Management of infectious mononucleosis
Usually self-limiting (2-3w)
Avoid alcohol + contact sports
Steroids to relieve symptoms
What drug to avoid in infectious mononucleosis
Amoxicillin
- can cause maculopapular rash and lead to allergy misdiagnosis
what type of bacteria is c. diff
gram +ve rod
produces toxins A and B
Investigation of ? C.diff
FBC = raised WCC (correlates with severity)
Stool sample
- toxin = infection
- antigen = indicates exposure rather than infection
Tx of C. diff (first infection)
Oral vancomycin for 10 days
fidaxomicin 2nd line
Tx of severe C. diff
PO vancomycin + IV metronidazole
Tx of recurrent C. diff
PO fidaxomicin
treatment of influenza in at risk groups
PO oseltamivir
or
Inhaled zanamivir
Treatment of whooping cough
clarithryomycin or azithromycin
Ix for malaria
Thick and thin bloods film (repeat up to 3x in 48h if negative but clinical suspicion)
Rapid diagnostic tests (use antibodies to test for antigens)
Metabolic acidosis on ABG
Treatment of complicated falciparum malaria
1st line = artesunate
2nd line = quinine (cardiotoxic)
Follow up therapy = riamet (combination of artesunate and quinine) OR doxycylince/clindamycin
Treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria
Riamet or malarone (ACT - artemisin based combination therapies)
Quinine (2nd line)
NO FOLLOW UP TX NEEDED
Treatment of non-falciparum malaria
Chloroquinine or ACT
Follow up = primaquine (to prevent relapse)
