Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharm 1 Exam 3 > Infection > Flashcards

Infection Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Penicillin drugs, action, side effects, nursing interventions?

A

Drugs: Penicillin G, Oxacillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, piperacillin.
Action: Disrupt cell walls, 15-30% absorbed orally; short half-life orally.
Side effects: No common side effects. Allergy (rash, pruritis, fever)
Nursing Actions: Do not take w/ fruit juices, IV - phlebitis, IM - large muscle, High doses - bleeding disorders, < effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cephalosporins drugs, action, side effects, nursing interventions?

A

Drugs: Cephalexin, cefaclor, ceftriaxone, cefepime
Actions: Disrupt cell walls
Side effects: Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramping, rash, superinfections w/ prolonged use.
Nursing interventions: Nephrotoxic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tetracyclines drugs, action, side effects, nursing interventions?

A

Drugs: Doxycycline, tetracycline
Action: Inhibit protein synthesis
Side effects: Superinfections, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, discoloration of teeth, photosensitivity
Nursing interventions: Tak eon empty stomach w/ water; dairy, iron, Ca, Al interfere w/ absorption. Additional contraceptive. Do not use in pregnancy; child < 8. Photosensitivity, nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, expired - toxic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Macrolides drugs, action, side effects, nursing interventions?

A

Drugs: Erythromycin, azithromycin
Action: Bind w/ ribosomes
Side effects: N&V, abdominal cramping
Nursing interventions: Give empty stomach w/ full glass of water, DO NOT GIVE W/ FRUIT JUICE, Hepatotoxic in high doses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Aminoglycosides drugs, action, side effects, nursing interventions?

A

Drugs: Gentamicin, Tobramycin, streptomycin
Action: Inhibit protein synthesis
Side effects: N&V, fatigue, rash, nephrotoxic, ototoxic
Nursing Interventions: Not absorbed orally, monitor kidney function, hearing, peak & trough levels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fluoroquinolones drugs, action, side effects, nursing interventions?

A

Drugs: Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin
Action: interfere with DNA
Side effects: N&V, diarrhea, rash, headache
Nursing interventions: Take w/ food, do not take w/ Ca, Mg, iron, zinc, multivitamins or minerals (< absorption up to 90%), Nephrotoxic , Tendonitis, < cartilage development.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sulfonamides drugs, action, side effects, nursing interventions?

A

Drugs: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Action: Inhibit synthesis of folate
Side effects: N&V, crystalluria
Nursing interventions: > fluid intake to 2.5-3L/day. Monitor kidney function, photosensitivity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Classification of amoxicillin?

A

Antibiotic (anti-infective)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Uses/action for amoxicillin?

A

Infections of ear, nose, throat, GU tract, skin & soft tissue, gonorrhea.
Broad spectrum; destroys bacterial cell wall.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Interactions for amoxicillin?

A

Oral contraceptives (< efficacy)
anticoagulants (prolongs bleeding time)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Side effects of amoxicillin?

A

None common - reactions are usually severe (anaphylaxis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why would the health care provider not use a tetracycline to treat Dawn’s ear infection?

A

Tetracyclines are contraindicated in children under age 8 due to discoloring of teeth and effects on bone growth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dawn is prescribed amoxicillin for 7 days. 10 days later she continues to complain of ear pain. Why might this occur?

A

The medication was not effective against the organism causing the infection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Classification for Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim, septra)?

A

Anti-infective; sulfonamide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Contraindications for sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim, Septra)?

A

Anemia due to folate deficiency
hyperkalemia
pregnancy & lactation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Uses/action for sulfamethoxazole-trimethorpim (Bactrim, Septra)?

A

Action - inhibits RNA synthesis
Use - PCP, UTIs, Otitis media, chronic bronchitis, traveler’s diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Interactions with Sulfamethoxazole-trimethorpim (Bactrim, Septra)?

A

Oral anticoagulants (> bleeding)
Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Side effects for Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim?

A

Rash
Nausea
Vomiting
Anorexia
Crystalluria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Nursing interventions for Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim?

A

Monitor coagulation times if also receiving anticoagulants
Older adults - monitor for thrombocytopenia (bruising, bleeding)
Monitor I&O & kidney function
Drink 2.5-3L of fluid per day
Report rash, sore throat, fever, Purpura, jaundice - early signs of serious reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Classification for azithromycin (Zithromax)?

A

Macrolide antibiotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Contraindications for azithromycin (Zithromax)?

A

Uses: pneumonia, lower respiratory infections, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, gonorrhea, skin infections, otitis media, sinusitis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Interactions with azithromycin (Zithromax)?

A

Antacids
Food < absorptions by 50%
Statin drugs
St. John’s wort
GRAPEFRUIT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Side effects of azithromycin (Zithromax)?

Study These Flashcards
A

Pruritis
Rash
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea

24
Q

Nursing interventions for Azithromycin (Zithromax)?

Study These Flashcards
A

Monitor liver function
Give on empty stomach
Minimize direct sunlight exposure
Antacids - 2 hrs before or after drug

25
Classification for Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)?
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
26
Contraindications for Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)?
Viral infections Myasthenia gravis (weakness and rapid fatigue of muscles under voluntary control) Peripheral neuropathy Tendon inflammation or tendon pain
27
Uses/action of Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)?
Action: Inhibits DNA Use: UTIs, URI, skin, bone, joint infections, GI infections, diarrhea, chronic bacterial prostatitis, pneumonia, acute sinusitis, otitis external, conjunctivitis
28
Interactions with Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)?
Theophylline Antacids Calcium & Iron (< absorption of Cipro)
29
Side effects of Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)?
None common
30
Nursing interventions for Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)?
Do not give within 4 hrs of antacids Give w/ food; restrict caffeine May cause false positive for opiates Report tendon inflammation/pain Monitor renal function, S/S crystalluria Monitor for GI irritation Monitor for superinfections Photosensitivity If on anticoagulants - monitor bleeding times (PT, INR)
31
Classification for vancomycin?
Antibiotic; glycopeptide
32
Contraindications for Vancomycin?
Allergy to corn Previous hearing loss
33
Uses/action for vancomycin?
Action: bactericidal - < RNA synthesis, alters cell wall Uses: C diff, staph, enterocolitis
34
Interactions with vancomycin?
Don’t use with other drugs that are also ototoxic & nephrotoxic
35
Side effects of Vancomycin?
Hypotension w/ flushing Erythematous rash on face & upper body (rapid IV infusion) - red man or red neck syndrome
36
Nursing interventions for vancomycin?
Monitor BP & HR throughout treatment Assess hearing - loss of hearing may be permanent. Notify ringing in ears. Monitor kidney function Peak & trough levels
37
Classification for Metronidazole (flagyl)?
Amebicide
38
Contraindications for metronidazole (flagyl)?
Alcohol within 3 days Blood dyscrasias (disease or disorder of the blood) CNS disease Abnormal neurological signs Lactation
39
Uses/action for metronidazole (flagyl)?
Action: Trichomonacidal, amoebicidal & antibacterial Uses: intestinal amebiasis, amebic liver abscess, Pre-op prophylaxis in GI surgeries, hysterectomy, appendectomy
40
Interactions with metronidazole (flagyl)?
Oral anticoagulants Alcohol Anti-virals NTG (Nitroglycerin; nitrate medication)
41
Side effects of metronidazole (Flagyl)?
Candida Nausea Superinfections
42
Nursing interventions for metronidazole (flagyl)?
Warn patient causes metallic taste in mouth Observe for fluid retention Repeat feces exam in 3 months Monitor WBC count Sexual partners - use condone, partners treated also No alcohol Monitor for CNS toxicity Urine dark reddish brown Report overgrowth of candida Take pill whole, on an empty stomach
43
While hospitalized Vera develops thrush, a fungal infection in the mouth. What is this type of infection called?
Superinfection
44
The health care provider prescribes nystatin. The nurse teaches Vera to take this medication in what manner?
Swish and swallow
45
What are two drugs used to treat tuberculosis?
Isoniazid Rifampin
46
Isoniazid treatment for, action, side effects, Nursing interventions?
Treatment for: Tuberculosis Action: Inhibits cell wall Side effects: Peripheral neuropathy; seizures, dizziness, memory loss, psychoses, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain Nursing interventions: 10% of pts develop resistance, Monitor liver function, monitor BP - orthostatic hypotension, monitor diabetics for loss of glycemic control, avoid alcohol, supplement vitamin B6
47
Rifampin treatment for, action, side effects, nursing interventions?
Treatment for: tuberculosis Action: inhibits DNA & RNA Side effects: heartburn, epigastric distress, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, flatulence, cramps, diarrhea, > LFTs (liver function tests) Nursing interventions: Monitor LFTs, body secretions, sclera, etc - harmless red-orange color, < effectiveness of oral contraceptives
48
Who should be prescribed prophylactic treatment for exposure to TB?
Family members w/ close contact; health care workers providing care
49
What medication is usually prescribed as prophylactic treatment for TB and how long is it usually taken?
Isoniazid - 6 months
50
Classification for FLuconazole (Diflucan)?
Azole antifungal
51
Contraindications for Fluconazole (Diflucan)?
Liver disease Lactation
52
Uses/action for Fluconazole (Diflucan)?
Action: interferes w/ cell membrane Uses: Meningitis, candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis (candidiasis = yeast infection)
53
Interactions with Fluconazole (Diflucan)?
Warfarin Hypoglycemia w/ sulfonylureas Prolonged effects of opiates
54
Side effects of Fluconazole?
None common
55
Nursing interventions for Fluconazole?
Monitor kidney & liver function Monitor glycemic control for diabetics
56
Nursing care common to all anti-infective drugs
1) Encourage fluid intake 2) culture & sensitivity first 3) side effects ——— Question type of reaction ——— Common SE: N&V, diarrhea 4) take entire prescription; space evenly 5) reduce effectiveness or oral contraceptives

Pharm 1 Exam 3 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions