Infection

Question 1

3 most common organisms causing cellulitis

Answer 1

1. Streptococcus pyogenes
2. Staph. aureus
3. MRSA

Question 2

Most likely cause of cellulitis occurring in the orbit

Answer 2

Haemophilis influenza

Infection often arises from the adjacent sinuses

Question 3

Organism –> thrush

Answer 3

candida albicans

- white curd discharge

Question 4

Bacteria that do not show up on gram staining (4)

Answer 4

Mycobacteria
Legionella
Chlamydia
Spirochetes

Question 5

Most common cause of travellers’ diarrhoea

Answer 5

Enterotoxigenic E.coli

Question 6

Typhoid is caused by ???
Spread = ?
Skin may have ?

Answer 6

Samonella typhi
F/O
Maculopapular rash - rose spots

Question 7

C.diff treatment

Answer 7

ORAL metronidazole

ORAL vancomycin

Question 8

Mot common cause of CAP

Answer 8

strep. pneumonia

Question 9

Pneumonia that comes in epidemics every 3/4 years

Atypical presenting features (3)

Answer 9

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Myalgia, arthralgia, headache

Question 10

Mycoplasma pneumoniae on CXR

Answer 10

Patch consolidation through the lung fields.

Clinical features of the disease does not usually correlated with CXR findings

Question 11

Relatively rare pneumonia that occurs in elderly patients with other underlying co-morbidities

May present with

• productive cough of purulent/blood-stained sputum
• Cavitating pneumo

Answer 11

Klebsiella pneumonia

Question 12

Pneumonia that follows an influenzal viral infection

Answer 12

S. aureus

Question 13

Frequent the cause of I/E of COPD

Answer 13

Haemophilus influenza

Question 14

Gonorrhoea is caused by ??

Answer 14

Neisseria gonorrheae

Question 15

Gonorrhoea presentation in men

Answer 15

Purulent urethral discharge (yellow coloured)

Dysuria

Question 16

Gonorrhoea presentation in women

Answer 16

Often asymptomatic
May:
- vaginal d/c
- pelvic pain 
- Dysuria
Intermtnstrual bleeding

Question 17

Most common STI in the uK

Answer 17

Chlamydia

Question 18

Painless, hard ulcer on penis

Answer 18

Chancre of primary syphillis

Question 19

Causative organism of syphillis

Answer 19

Spirochete Treponema pallidum

Question 20

Clinical features of a CMV infection

Answer 20

Fever
Pneumonitis
Colitis
Hepatits
Retinitis (most common presentation in a patient with AIDS)
CNS disease

Question 21

Prophylaxis against a meningitis for close contacts

Answer 21

Ciprofloxacin and rifampicin are both recommended but ciprofloxacin is the preferred choice for most individuals

Question 22

Mumps is a _________

Answer 22

paramyxovirus

Question 23

Fever, malaise, lethargy, headache

Pain and swelling of the parotid glands (uni/bilateral)

Answer 23

Mumps

Question 24

Fevers, cough, coryza and conjunctivitis

Koplik’s spots (clustered grey lesions in the buccal mucosa adjacent to 2nd molar)

Answer 24

Measles

Question 25

Infective endocarditis causative organisms in: 1. IVDU 2. Dental work 3. prosthetic valve 4. GI problems

Answer 25

1. s.aureus 2. strep. viridians (part of normal flora of the mouth) 3. s. epidermidis (more indolent course) 4. Strep. bovis

Question 26

Septic arthritis causative organisms in: 1. Young fit adults 2. Children 3. Older patients 4. TB 5. Prosthetic joint

Answer 26

1. Gonococcal arthritis 2. Haemophilus influenzae 3. Staph. aureus 4. Mycobactrium tuberculosis 5. Staph. epidermidis

Question 27

Pneumonia in AIDS patient = ____ infection Presents with dry cough, exertional dyspnoea, fever and malaise CXR: normal or _________ CT _____

Answer 27

Pneumocystis jiroveci Fungal Bilateral perihilar interstital shadowing Ground-glass appearanc

Question 28

Kaposi sarcoma is associated with ?? pathogen

Answer 28

Human herpes virus 8 (HHV 8)

Question 29

Fundoscopy findings of CMV retinitis

Answer 29

Haemorrhages and exudates | 'Pizza-pie' appearance

Question 30

Fundoscopy findings of optic atrophy

Answer 30

Pale optic disc Commonly affects diabetics Presents with decreased visual acuity

Question 31

HIV + abdominal pain Nausea and vomiting Profuse diarrhoea

Answer 31

Cryptosporidosis

Question 32

Osteomyelitis causative organisms 1. most common 2. another one 3. PT with sickle cell anaemia

Answer 32

1. Staphylococcus 2. Haemophilus influenza 3. Salmonella