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Pharmacology - Drug Revision > Infection > Flashcards

Flashcards in Infection Deck (23)
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1
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat sepsis eg neisseria meningitidis?

A

Ceftriaxone.

2
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat UTI?

A

Trimethoprim.

3
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat pneumocystis pneumoniae?

A

Co-trimoxazole.

4
Q

What antifungal is used to treat candida?

A

Fluconazole.

5
Q

What antiviral is used to treat herpes simplex and varicella zoster virus?

A

Aciclovir.

6
Q

What antiviral is used to treat influenza A and B?

A

Oseltamivir (tamiflu).

Zanamivir.

7
Q

What antiviral is used to treat cytomegaolovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients and as CMV prophylaxis in transplant patients?

A

Ganciclovir.

8
Q

What antivirals are used to treat Hepatitis B?

A

Lamivudine.
Interferon alpha.
No cure, lifelong anti-virals to suppress viral replication, but not required for everyone eg inactive carrier.

9
Q

What antivirals are used to treat Hepatitis C and chronic Hep C?

A

Sofosbuvir.
Interferon alpha.
A directly acting antiviral drug combination for 8-12 weeks.
Chronic - ribavirin with interferon alpha.

10
Q

What antiviral is used to treat severe respiratory syncytial virus in infants?

A

Ribavirin.

11
Q

What antibiotic is also used to treat Protozoa eg amoebae, giardia and trichomonas?

A

Metronidazole.

11
Q

What antivirals are used to treat HIV?

A

3 anti-retro virals:
Two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors eg zidovudine with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor eg nevirapine or a protease inhibitor eg ritonavir or an integrase inhibitor eg raltegravir.

12
Q

What drugs are used to treat malaria P. falciparum malaria?

A

Artesunate or quinine and doxycycline.

12
Q

What drugs are used to treat P. Vivax, ovale and malariae malaria?

A

Chloroquine and primaquine or hypnozoites if has reached liver stage.

13
Q

What drugs are used to treat enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid)?

A

Ceftriaxone or azithromycin for 14 days.

14
Q

What drugs are used to treat primary immunodeficiency diseases?

A

Regular immunoglobulin therapy (IvIg or Sclg formulations) for CVID, XLA and hyper-IgM syndromes.
Hematopoietic stem cell therapy for SCID.

15
Q

What drugs are given to an asplenic/splenectomised patient to manage their increased susceptibility to encapsulated bacteria?

A

Penicillin prophylaxis.
Immunisation against encapsulated bacteria.
Medic alert bracelet and card.

16
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat cellulitis?

A

Flucloxacillin.

17
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat pharyngitis caused by strep pyogenes?

A

Penicillin V.

18
Q

What drugs are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

A
Methotrexate.
Sulfasalazine.
Prednisolone.
Rituximab.
Infliximab.
19
Q

What drugs are used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus?

A

Azathioprine.

Rituximab.

20
Q

What drugs are used to treat vasculitis?

A

Azathioprine.
Methotrexate.
Rituximab.

21
Q

What drugs are used as immunosuppressants in organ transplantation?

A

Mycophenolate mofetil.

Calcineurin inhibitors eg cyclosporine and tacrolimus.