infection Flashcards
(39 cards)
what is bacteraemia
presence of bacteria in blood
skin organisms that may cause endocarditis?
Staph aureus
staph epidermidis
coryndebacterium sp
propionibacterium acnes
how much time does it take a biofilm to cause infection
a long time
risk factors for endocarditis in cardiac devices
pre-prophylaxis complexity type of device reintervention fever <24 hours heart/renal failure haematoma
non specific signs of endocarditis
fever chills night sweats malaise anorexia
how many blood cultures should be taken for endocarditis and over how much time
3 sets, at least 6 hours between them
jones criteria for rheumatic fever?
joint pain carditis nodules erythema marginatum syndeham chorea
mortality of infective endocarditis
25-80%
who is endocarditis more common in
older patients
risk factors for endocarditis
heart valve abnormality
prosthetic heart valves
IV drug use
IV lines
what happens if a vegetation breaks off
lodged in capillary beds to cause haemorrhage
what side is usually affected by endocarditis
left side
common endocarditis organisms
S aureus
viridans strep
enterococcus
staph epidermidis
atypical organisms causing endocarditis
bartonella coxiella burnetti chlamydia legionella mycoplasma brucella fungi HAECK
all 3 blood cultures are negative for typical organisms, what do you do?
consider serology for atypicals
where is staph epidermidis common?
prosthetic joints/valves
IV lines
acute presentation of endocarditis and organisms that cause it
overwhelming sepsis and cardiac failure
aggressive organisms - S aureus
subacute presentation of endocarditis and possible organism
fever malaise weight loss tiredness SOB new or changing murmur roth spots, janeway lesions, osler nodes viridans
what kind of endocarditis do PWID get and what type
usually S aureus, right sided on tricuspid valve
empirical treatment subacute native valve endocarditis
amoxicillin and gentamycin IV
empirical treatment prosthetic valve endocarditis
IV - vancomycin with gentamicin and rifampicin day 3-5
empirical treatment PWID or acute
flucloxacillin IV
viridans strep treatment
benzylpenicillin and gentamicin IV
MRSA treatment
IV vancomycin, gentamicin and rifampicin day 3-5
