Infection And Response

Question 1

What is meant by a communicable disease

Answer 1

A disease that spreads

Question 2

List three viral diseases

Answer 2

Measles
HIV
TMV
Rubella

Question 3

List some symptoms of measles

Answer 3

Red skin rash

Fever

Question 4

List symptoms of HIV

Answer 4

Flu like symptoms

Question 5

How is measles treated

Answer 5

Vaccination

Question 6

How is HIV treated

Answer 6

Antiretroviral drugs

Question 7

What effect does rose black spot disease have on plants

Answer 7

Causes the leaves to turn yellow and fall off which means less photosynthesis

Question 8

Is rose black spot disease fungal or viral

Answer 8

Fungal

Question 9

How do you get measles

Answer 9

Spread by droplets of an infected person eg sneezing or coughing

Question 10

How do get HIV

Answer 10

Sexual contact or by exchanging bodily fluids

Question 11

How is gonorrhoea transmitted between individuals

Answer 11

Sexually

Question 12

How can vaccinations limit the spread of a disease

Answer 12

More people are immune to it which means there is a less chance of people catching it and spreading it

Question 13

What is malaria causes by

Answer 13

Protist

Question 14

How does malaria spread

Answer 14

Mosquitos pick up the protist and feed on an animal or human and infect them. The protist then gets into the blood vessels

Question 15

How can malaria be prevented

Answer 15

Mosquito nets

Question 16

What is Salmonella

Answer 16

A bacterial disease

Question 17

How is salmonella spread

Answer 17

Eating food that has been contaminated

Question 18

Symptoms of salmonella

Answer 18

Fever
Stomach cramps
Vomiting
Diarrhoea

Question 19

How does bacteria make us feel unwell

Answer 19

They produce toxins

Question 20

Is gonorrhoea bacterial or viral

Answer 20

Bacterial

Question 21

Symptoms of gonorrhoea

Answer 21

Painful urination

Thick yellow or green discharge

Question 22

How do you treat gonorrhoea

Answer 22

Antibiotics/ penicillin

Question 23

How do you prevent the spread of gonorrhoea

Answer 23

Condoms

Question 24

How do you treat rose black spot disease

Answer 24

Fungicides and getting rid of infected leaves

Question 25

What does TMV stand for

Answer 25

Tobacco mosaic virus

Question 26

What is TMV

Answer 26

When plants become discoloured

Question 27

What is the effect of TMV

Answer 27

Leaves can’t carry out photosynthesis so it affects growth

Question 28

Name three ways we can prevent disease

Answer 28

Washing your hands/ be more hygienic Destroying vectors eg getting rid of organisms that pass it on or insecticides Isolating individuals

Question 29

How is the skin adapted to defend against the entry of pathogens

Answer 29

Acts as a barrier to prevent them getting in

Question 30

What is the role of the immune system

Answer 30

To protect us from disease

Question 31

From what organism was the drug digital is sourced originally

Answer 31

Fox gloves

Question 32

What is meant by the efficacy of a drug

Answer 32

If he drug works and produces the effect your using it for

Question 33

What is a placebo

Answer 33

A fake version of the drug

Question 34

Why are placebos used in drug trials

Answer 34

To compare results

Question 35

Give one way fungi cause disease

Answer 35

They grow and penetrate human skin

Question 36

How do viruses make us feel unwell

Answer 36

They invade host cells they than replicate and eventually the cell bursts the cell damage makes us feel unwell

Question 37

What do the trachea and bronchi have that help the body defend against pathogen

Answer 37

They produce mucus to trap pathogens if they are swallowed they go to the stomach and get destroyed by The acid

Question 38

What is the name for the molecules which antibodies lock onto on the surface of a pathogen

Answer 38

Antigens

Question 39

What are antitoxins

Answer 39

Substances that neutralise toxins

Question 40

What is injected into the body during a vaccination

Answer 40

An inactive version of the pathogen

Question 41

Which plant does the painkiller and aspirin originate from

Answer 41

Aspirin is from the willow tree

Question 42

What helped our current medicines to develop and how

Answer 42

Traditional cures as the chemicals found from the source are developed

Question 43

How does antibiotic resistance rise in a population of bacteria

Answer 43

Bacteria has a mutation by natural selection this bacteria survives amongst the other bacteria this bacteria than reproduces making more resistant bacteria

Question 44

Name the scientist that discovered penicillin

Answer 44

Alexander Fleming

Question 45

What two things are the drugs tested on in preclinical trials

Answer 45

Hunan cells and tissues and live animals (possibly)

Question 46

Explains what happens in a clinical trial

Answer 46

Healthy volunteers are separated into two group one receives a placebo and the other receive the real thing this could be blind or double blind. The results are then peer reviewed to prevent false claims

Question 47

What do preclinical trials test for

Answer 47

Efficacy Toxicity Dosage

Question 48

What are three things white blood cells do to protect us

Answer 48

Consume them Produce antibodies Antitoxins