Infection Control Flashcards
(18 cards)
Define an Infectious agent
A pathogen, virus or microbe
Define Virulence
Virulence is a pathogen’s or microorganism’s ability to cause damage to a host. Virulence refers to the degree of damage caused by a microbe to its host.
Pathogenicity
Describes the ability of a virus to infect the host cells
Four types of microorganisms
-Bacteria
-Fungi
-Viruses
-Parasites
Define nosocomial infections
Infections acquired from the hospital
What are the four types of precautions?
- Standard
- Droplet
- Airborne
- Contact
What are standard precautions?
-Hand hygiene
-Wearing PPE when needed
-Cleaning equipment
Describe droplet transmission.
Transmitted through respiratory droplets. Large droplets travel in the eye, mouth and nose. Travel less than 3 feet
Describe airborne transmission.
Transmitted through respiratory droplets which remain suspended in the air.
What PPE must be worn for droplet precautions?
-Surgical mask
-Gloves
-Gown
-Eyeshield/Goggles
What illness must be placed under droplet precautions?
-Diptheria
-Flu
-Mumps
-Measle
-Epiglottitis
-Meningococcal disease
What are droplet nuclei?
Small respiratory droplets that remain suspended in the air and can be inhaled
What PPE is required for airborne precautions?
-N-95 mask
-Gown
-Gloves
-Eyeshield/Goggles
What restrictions should a patient on airborne precautions have?
- Place pateint in negtaive presure room
- Limit movement outside of the room
What illness’ must be placed under airborne precautions?
- Varicella
- Rubeola (measle)
- Herpes Zoster (shingles)
- Tuberculosis
Describe contact transmission.
Transmitted from direct or indirect contact with patients or patients’ belongings
What PPE should be worn for contact precautions?
Gown and gloves
What diseases should be placed under contact precautions?
- MRSA
-C-diff
-Norovirus
-Impetigo
-Lice
-Herpes
-RSV
