Infection Control/Safety Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the single MOST IMPORTANT action for preventing infections?
Hand hygiene
What is our professional responsibility and to whom? (5)
-Patients
-Ourselves
-Coworkers
-Organization
-Profession
What are your 5 moments for hand hygiene?
- Before touching a patient
- Before clean/aseptic procedure
- After body fluid exposure risk
- After touching a patient
- After touching patient surroundings
What are the natural defense mechanisms against infection?
-Skin
-Mouth
-Eyes
-Respiratory Tract
-Urinary Tract
-Gastrointestinal Tract (GI)
-Vagina
What are examples of infectious agents?
•Bacteria
•Fungi
•Viruses
•Rickettsiae
•Protozoa
What are examples of reserviors?
this is 1 of the 6 Chains of Infections
•People
•Equipment
•Water
Susceptible Host
•Immunosuppression
•Diabetes
•Surgery
•Burns
•Elderly
Portal of Entry
•Mucous membrane
•GI Tract
•GU Tract
•Respiratory Tract
•Broken skin
Aseptic technique, catheter care, wound care
Means of transmission
•Direct contact (person to person)
•Ingestion
•Fomites (objects or materials that can carry infection. Such as clothes, utensils, or furniture)
•Airborne
Hand hygiene, Sterilization, standard precautions, airflow control, food handling, isolation
Portal of Exit
•Excretions
•Secretions
•Skin
•Droplets
Hand hygiene , control of excretions and secretions, trash and waste disposal
Reservoirs definition
A reservoir is any natural setting where growth and reproduction of an infectious agent can occur.
Examples: People, animals, food, water, insects/arthropods, inanimate objects**, soiled or wet dressings, hospital equipment, etc.
Portal of Exit: Respiratory
•Sputum
•Cough
•Sneeze
Portal of Exit: G-U
•Reproductive secretions
•Urine
What are the 6 chains of infection?
Portal of Entry
Reservoirs
Infectious Agent
Means of transmission
Portal of Exit
Susceptible host
Portal of Exit: G-I
•Saliva
•Emesis
•Blood
•Feces
Portal of Exit: Venous System
Blood
Portal of Exit: MM and Non-Intact Skin
Draining wounds
Eyes/Ears are also portals of Exit
There are no examples of this as this is self explanatory
Disinfecting Wipes: Bleach Wipes
-Used in cases where C. Diff is suspected or confirmed.
-In cases of loose/incontinent stools
-Require 3 minutes of wet to dry on surfaces to kill pathogens
Hydrogen Peroxide (H-P) Wipes
-Used for most routine equipment and surface disinfection
-Require 1 minute of wet to dry on surfaces to kill pathogens
Types of Precautions
•Contact Precautions
•Special Contact Precautions
•Droplet Precautions
•Airborne (Negative Air) Precautions
Contact Precautions:
-What PPE is needed?
-Examples?
Examples:
•MDRO
•Lice (Pediculosis Capitis)
•Scabies
•Wounds
•RSV
•Localized Shingles
PPE:
•Gown
•Gloves
•Cover wound or affected area to transport patient
Special Contact Precautions:
-Examples?
-PPE?
Examples:
•C-Diff or diarrhea on admission
PPE:
•Gloves
•Gown
•Absorbent Pads to transport patient
Bleach ONLY
Droplet Precautions:
-Examples?
-PPE
Examples:
•Influenza
•Pertussis (whooping cough)
•Bacterial Meningitis
PPE:
•Regular mask
•Eye shield (if appropriate)
•Regular mask on patient to transport
