infection control, safety, first aid and personal wellness Flashcards
(23 cards)
it involves implementing procedures and policies that prevent infection
infection control
- standards ensure consistency through strict adherence, while policies guide behavior through general principles but require active engagement to be effective
it starts with an understanding of the process of infection
infection control
measures to prevent the spread of infection
infection control
what happens when the normal flora when the host’s immune system is compromised or when they are introduced into normally sterile areas of the body
while they usually coexist harmlessly with the host and even provide beneficial functions (like aiding digestion and preventing colonization by pathogens), they can become opportunistic pathogens—causing infections
[opportunistic - means to take advantage of a situation—specifically, a weakened immune system or a vulnerable condition—to cause harm or infection.]
CDC duty and task
to investigate and give solutions to these kinds of infection
the ability of microbes to develop resistance to specific antibiotics
Antibiotic-Resistant Infections
○ Clostridium difficile
○ Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus (staph) aureu (MSRA)
○ Enterococcus
*these type of infection are increasing while the available antibiotics against these infections are decreasing/ not effective
infectious agent is aka
causative agent
*the pathogenic microbe responsible for causing an infection
it is a place where the microbe can survive, grow and multiply
reservoir
- source of an infectious agent
- reservoir includes humans, animals, food, water, soil and contaminated articles and equipment
the method an infectious agent uses to travel from reservoir to a susceptible individual
means of transmission
types:
- airborne
- contact
- droplet
- vector
- vehicle
the spread of infectious agents through aerosol particles less than 5 µm in diameter that can stay in the air for long periods and be inhaled
airborne transmission
(by sneezing, coughing, talking, activities that produce aerosol)
what size are particles involved in airborne transmission
less than 5 micrometers (µm) in diameter
how does airborne transmission differ from droplet transmission
airborne particles are smaller (<5 µm), stay in the air longer, and can travel farther than droplets (>5 µm), which fall to the ground quickly
this is the most common means of transmitting infection
contact transmission
it is the transfer of an infectious agent to the mucous membrane of the mouth, nose or conjunctiva of the eyes of a susceptible individual via infectious droplet
droplet transmission
the transfer ofan infectious agent carried by an insect, arthropod or animal
vector transmission
the transmission of an infectious agent through contaminated food, water, drugs, cosmetics
vehicle vector
true or false:
u must wear gloves when touching the doorknobs when doing lab activities
false - do not touch the doorknobs
this determines the type of infection and its initial symptoms
entry pathway
what are the 3 factors that affect in the susceptible host
age
health
immune status
it is a term used to describe the applications of safety precautions taken to ensure the safe handling of biological substance that pose a risk to health
biosafety
[s = safety = safe = substance]
it is anything harmful or potentially harmful to health and must be identified with a biohazard symbol
biohazard
[h = harmful = shld hv biohazard symbol]
it is applied to any infectious microorganism present in the blood and other body fluids and tissues
BBP
5 key aspects of personal wellness
Physical – staying active, eating nutritious food, sleeping well.
Emotional – understanding and managing your feelings.
Social – building healthy relationships and having support systems.
Spiritual – finding meaning or purpose, which may or may not include religion.
Economic (Financial) – managing money, reducing stress from financial problems.
