Infection Control (Wilkinson)

Question 1

what are some infectious or causative agents

Answer 1

bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasite

Question 2

in the chain of infection what is reservoir

Answer 2

human, animal, food, organic matter on inanimate surfaces, water, soil, insects

Question 3

in the chain of infection what is portal of exit and

Answer 3

point of escape for the organism, resp., GI, GU, blood/body fluids, skin/mucous membranes

Question 4

in the chain of infection what is the mode of transmission?

Answer 4

contact, droplet, airborne, vector borne

Question 5

in the chain of infection what is the portal of entry

Answer 5

might be the same as portal of exit

Question 6

in the chain of infections what is the susceptible host

Answer 6

immunocompromised, breaks in skin

Question 7

what are some factors affecting host susceptibility?

Answer 7

intact skin and mucous membranes
normal pH levels
body’s white blood cells
age, sex, race, hereditary factors
immunization, natural or acquired
fatigue, climate, nutritional and general health status
stress
use of invasive or indwelling medical devices

Question 8

what are cardinal signs of acute infection?

Answer 8

redness
heat
swelling
pain
loss of function

Question 9

what are some lab data indicating infection?

Answer 9

elevated white blood cell count- normal is 5,000 to 10,000/mm^3
increase in neutrophils >er 70%
elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate- elevated if >20 mm/hr
presence of pathogen in urine, blood, sputum, or draining cultures

Question 10

what is the difference in medical asepsis and surgical asepsis?

Answer 10

medical asepsis- clean technique
surgical technique- sterile technique