Infection L5

Question 1

Resp tract structure and function

Upper and Lower

Answer 1

Question 2

Natural defences of the resp tract

Answer 2

Question 3

Upper respiratory tract microbiome

Lower respiratory tract microbiome

Answer 3

Question 4

Infections of upper respiratory tract

Answer 4

Question 5

Infection of respiratory tract - Sinusitis

Presentation

Answer 5

• Inflammation of paransal sinuses
• Accompanied by inflammation of the nasal cavity - rhinosinusitis
  -Mostly viral
  -Minority bacterial (e.g. Streptococcus
  pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae)
  -Inflammation + Increased mucus production = blocking sinuses drainage

Presentation
- Common cold symptoms, cough, runny nose, sore throat, fever
- Purulent nasal discharge
- Facial pain, tenderness
-Double sickening - secondary bacterial infection

Question 6

Sinusitis Management

Answer 6

Question 7

Epiglottitis

Pathophysiology

Answer 7

Inflammation of the epiglottis + surrounding supraglottic structures

Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) in children

bacteria (especially Streptococcus pneumoniae), viruses, fungi

1. Inflammation of supraglottic structures
2. Oedema + secretions
3. Airway narrowing

Question 8

Epiglottis Management