Infection Prevention & Control

Question 1

invasion of the body tissue by microorganisms and their proliferation there

Answer 1

Infection

Question 2

Absence of disease-producing bacteria; free from infection

Answer 2

Asepsis

Question 3

Practice designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogen

Answer 3

Medical Asepsis

Question 4

practices that render and keep objects and areas free from microorganism

Answer 4

Surgical Asepsis

Question 5

Transport of an infection or the products of infection throughout the body or blood

Answer 5

Septicemia

Question 6

presence of infection

Answer 6

Sepsis

Question 7

a person or animal, who is without signs of illness but who harbors pathogens within his body that can be transferred to another

Answer 7

Carrier

Question 8

a person or animal known to have been exposed to a disease

Answer 8

contact

Question 9

natural habitat for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms

Answer 9

reservoir

Question 10

microorganism picked up by the skin as a result of normal activities that can be removed readily

Answer 10

transient flora or bacteria

Question 11

microorganism that normally live on a person’s skin

Answer 11

resident flora or bacteria

Question 12

process by which all microorganisms including their spores are destroyed

Answer 12

sterilization

Question 13

a substance, usually intended for use on inanimate objects, that destroy pathogens but generally not the spores

Answer 13

disinfectant

Question 14

a substance, usually intended for use on persons that inhibit the growth of pathogens but not necessarily destroy them

Answer 14

antiseptic

Question 15

a chemical that kills microorganisms

Answer 15

bactericidal

Question 16

an agent that prevents bacterial multiplication but does not kill all forms of organisms

Answer 16

bacteriostatic

Question 17

process by which something is rendered unclean or unsterile

Answer 17

contamination

Question 18

process by which pathogens but not their spores are destroyed, from inanimate objects

Answer 18

disinfection

Question 19

result of the infectious agent can be transmitted to an individual by direct or indirect contact through a vector or vehicle or an airborne infection

Answer 19

communicable disease

Question 20

result from the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in a host

Answer 20

infectious disease

Question 21

a disease producing microorganism

Answer 21

pathogen

Question 22

the ability to produce a disease

Answer 22

pathogenicity

Question 23

vigor with which the organism can grow and multiply

Answer 23

virulence

Question 24

organism’s reaction to a specific host

Answer 24

specificity

Question 25

causes disease only in susceptibility individual

Answer 25

opportunistic pathogen

Question 26

hospital-acquired infection

Answer 26

nosocomial infection

Question 27

separation of persons with communicable diseases from other persons so that either direct/indirect transmission susceptible person is prevented

Answer 27

isolation

Question 28

practices designed to prevent the transfer of specific microorganisms

Answer 28

isolation techniques

Question 29

study of causes

Answer 29

etiology

Question 30

limited to patients contracting the disease in the health care setting

Answer 30

nosocomial

Question 31

HAIs can be transmitted through

Answer 31

contaminated hands of healthcare providers contaminated instruments invasive procedures inappropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics

Question 32

microorganisms that may cause disease in man and transmitted from one person to another

Answer 32

infectious agent

Question 33

single-celled organisms without a nucleus

Answer 33

bacteria

Question 34

thread-like particles that reproduce by taking over living cells

Answer 34

viruses

Question 35

simple organisms including yeasts that grow as single cells or molds

Answer 35

fungi

Question 36

single-celled organisms with a distinct nucleus

Answer 36

protozoa

Question 37

misfolded proteins

Answer 37

prions

Question 38

ability to invade and multiply in body tissues

Answer 38

infectivity

Question 39

tendency to produce harm or disease

Answer 39

pathogenicity

Question 40

capacity to cause serious disease, including death

Answer 40

virulence

Question 41

ability to elicit an inflammatory or immune response

Answer 41

immunogenicity

Question 42

an infection, often obtained through an open contaminated wounds that affects the nerves

Answer 42

tetanus

Question 43

an upper respiratory tract infection caused by bacterium, Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Answer 43

diphtheria

Question 44

an upper respiratory tract infection characterized by inspiratory "whoop" sounds followed by exhausting bouts of coughing

Answer 44

pertussis

Question 45

viral illnes marked by fever and typical rashes

Answer 45

varicella (chickenpox)

Question 46

highly infectious viral illness presenting with fever

Answer 46

Rubeola (measles)

Question 47

viral illness marked by low grade fever, swollen lymph nodes and short-lived discrete

Answer 47

rubella (german measles)

Question 48

infection & swelling of the parotid glands

Answer 48

Viral parotitis (mumps)