infections Flashcards
(31 cards)
what is the causative microbe and treatment for cellulitis
microbe: staph aureus or strep pyogenes (group A strep)
treatment: flucloxacillin
what is the causative microbe and treatment for tonsillitis
microbe: strep pyogenes (group A strep)
treatment: penicillin V
what is the most common microbe for meningococcal sepsis and the treatment
microbe: neisseria meningitidis
treatment: iv or im benzylpenicillin
what is the most common microbe for a skin abscess and the treatment
microbe: staph aureus
treatment: vancomycin (if MSRA), if not, flucloxacillin
what is the most common microbe for peritonitis and the treatment
microbe: escherichia coli
treatment: trimethoprim
what is the most common microbe for pneumonia with sepsis and the treatment
microbe: streptococcus pneumoniae
treatment:
mild - amoxicillin
moderate - amoxicillin and doxycycline (sans amoxicillin if penicillin allergy)
severe - co-amoxiclav and doxycycline (meropenem instead of co-amoxiclav if penicillin allergy)
what is the most common microbe for pneumonia and the treatment
microbe: haemophilus influenzae
treatment: co-amoxiclav
what is the most common microbe for endocarditis and the treatment
microbe: viridans streptococci
treatment: IV penicillin
whats the most common microbe in scarlet fever and the treatment
microbe: streptococcus pyogenes (group A strep)
treatment: pen V
name an example of a gram +ve cocci in chains
strep pyogenes (group A strep)
strep pneumonia
name an example of a gram +ve cocci in clusters
staph aureus
name an example of a gram -ve bacili in chains
Escherichia coli
name an example of a gram -ve cocci
Neisseria meningitidis
what are the symptoms, causative organism and treatment for meningococcal meningitis
symptoms
- purpuric rash
- neck stiffness
- thunderclap headache
microbe: Neisseria meningitidis
treatment: ceftriaxone
what is the treatment for helicobacter pylori
PPI (omeprazole)
+ 2 antibiotics (for 7-14 days)
eg. amoxicillin
metronidazole
clarithromycin
treatment for c. difficile
- vancomycin (first line)
- fidaxomicin (2nd line)
- metronidazole (in severe cases)
what groups of antibiotics act to inhibit cell wall synthesis and give an example of each
beta lactams
- penicillin eg. penicillin V
- cephalosporin eg. ceftriaxone
- carbapenems eg. meropenem
glucopeptides
- vancomycin
what groups of antibiotics act to inhibit protein synthesis and give an example of each
tetracyclines - doxycycline
aminoglycosides - gentamicin
macrolides - erythromycin
what group of antibiotics act to inhibit nucleic acid synthesis and give 3 examples
quinolones
- trimethoprim
- metronidazole
- ciprofloxacin
what group of antibiotics act to inhibit cell membrane function and give an example
polymixins
- colistin
what is the antiviral treatment for influenza
oseltamivir (inhibits neuraminidase)
what is the treatment for herpes and varicella zoster (chicken pox)
acyclovir (inhibits DNA polymerase)
what is the treatment for candida albicans
nystatin or clotrimazole
what are the 2 most common microbes and treatment for malaria
microbe: Plasmodium falciparum
treatment: quinine and doxycycline
microbe: Plasmodium vivax
treatment: chloroquine
