Infections Flashcards
(22 cards)
Penicillins (beta lactam) - (Antibiotics)
Amoxicillin, co-amoxiclav, Piperacillin-Tazobactam (Tazocin), Flucloxacillin, phenoxymethylpenicillin, benzylpenicillin
MoA:
Beta-lactam - inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
Indications:
Respitatory infection, pneumonia, H pylori.
Side Effects:
Rash, Hypersensitivity
Interactions:
Warfarin, methotrexate
Carbapenems (beta lactam )- (Antibiotics)
Meropenem
MoA:
Beta-lactam - inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
Indications:
Meningitis, hospital-acquired septicaemia
Side Effects:
Abdo Pain, pruritis
Cephalosporins (beta lactam) - (Antibiotics)
Ceftriaxone
MoA:
Beta-lactam - inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis
Indications:
Gram-negative infections, meningitis
Side Effects:
GI disturbances, colitis
Interactions:
Warfarin
Antifolate antibiotic
Trimethoprim
MoA:
Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase
Indications:
UTI
Side Effects:
Rash, GI disturbances
Interactions:
Methotrexate
Fluoroquinolones - (Antibiotics)
Ciprofloxacin
MoA:
Inhibition of bacterial DNA gryase
Indications:
Respiratory tract infection
Side Effects:
Nausea, convulsions
Interactions:
Iron salts, NSAIDs
Macrolide antibiotic
Erythromycin, Azithromycin
MoA:
Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Indications:
Pneumonia
Side Effects:
Gi Disturbances, headache
Interactions:
Digoxin, theophylline, statins
Tetracycline Antibiotic
Doxycycline, Tetracycline
MoA:
Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Indications:
CAP
Nitrofuran - (Antibiotics)
Nitrofurantoin
MoA:
Bacterial DNA interference
Indications:
UTI
Side Effects:
Peripheral neuropathy
Aminoglycoside - (Antibiotics)
Gentamicin
MoA:
Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Indications:
Ophthalmic infection
Glycopeptide - (Antibiotics)
Vancomycin
MoA:
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis in Gram-positive bacteria
Indications:
C. difficile
Side Effects:
Neutropenia, renal impairment
Nitroimidazole (anti-anaerobe) - (Antibiotics)
Metronidazole
MoA:
Inhibition of bacterial DNA synthesis
Indication:
Anaerobic bacterial infection - leg ulcers, pressure sores
Antituberculosis drugs - (Antibiotics)
Isoniazid, Ethambutol, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide
MoA:
Inhibition of mycobacterial cell wall synthesis (Isoniazid, Ethambutol)
Inhibition of mycobacterial RNA synthesis (Rifampicin)
Indication:
TB
Side Effects:
Hepatotoxicity
Therapeutic cytokines
INF-alpha
MoA:
Activation of antiviral intracellular and immune responses
Indications:
Hep B and C
Side Effects:
Flu-like symtoms, loss of appetite
DNA polymerase inhibitors
Aciclovir, Ganciclovir
MoA:
Virus replication blockade
Indication:
Herpes simplex
Side Effects:
Nausea, diarrhoea
Neuraminidase inhibitiors
Osteltamivir
MoA:
Prevention of viral budding and infectivity
Indication:
Influenza virua
Side Effects:
Nausea and Vomiting
Nucleoside analogues
Ribavirin
MoA:
Disrupts viral RNA synthesis
Indications:
Hep C and RSV
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)
Tenofovir
Efavirenz
MoA:
Blockade of viral reverse transcriptase function for viral genetic replication
Indication:
HIV
Side Effects:
Rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Viral protease inhibitors
Lopinavir
MoA:
Blockade of viral protease required for virus particle assembly
Indication:
HIV
Side Effects:
GI bleeding
Integrase Inhibitors
Dolutegravir
MoA:
Disrupts integration of HIV genome into host chromosomes
Indication:
HIV
Viral fusion inhibitors
Enfuvirtide
MoA:
Blockade of virus fusion to target cell membrane
Indication:
HIV
Side Effects:
Pancreatitis
Chemokine receptor/CCR5 antagonist
Maraviroc
MoA:
Blockade of HIV binding to co-factor for cell entry
Indication:
HIV
Side Effects:
Nausea, diarrhoea
Triazole anti-fungal agent
Fluconazole
MoA:
Disruption of fungal membrane function
Indication:
Candida infection
Side Effects:
Nausea, abdo pain
