Infections in Pregnancy Flashcards
(53 cards)
How can infection spread
Placental Intrapartum - exposure to maternal blood / tissue Hands / respiratory tract Instruments Breast milk
If a rash presents in pregnancy what should you always investigate for
Rubella and Parovirus (present similar and affect foetus) Measles Strep Meningococcus Syphillis EBV
How does HIV spread
Transplacental
Intrapartum
Breast milk
What does HIV in pregnancy result in
Congenital HIV
How do you prevent HIV being passed to baby
Maternal ARVT if +ve Minimse invasive Intrapartum ARVT infusion C-section Advise breast Neonatal ARVT for 4-6 weeks
How is Hep B spread
Transplacental
Intrapartum
SAFE to breast fee
What does hep B in pregnancy lead to
Chronic in foetus
Cirrhosis
Or carrier
How do you prevent Hep B
Screening Immunisation to mother if -ve Avoid invasive Ig and vaccine to newborn if mother infected Further vaccines in future
How is paravirus b19 passed
Transplacental
What does it cause in foetus
Fetal loss due to cardiac failure / anaemia / fatal hydrops
What does mother present with
Rash
Fever
Arthropathy
Similar to Rubella so check serology
How do you treat parvovirus if exposed
Passive Ig if in contact
What does influenza cause in pregnancy so what do you do
More severe
Premature and small baby
Give inactivated vaccine
How is CMV spread
Transplacentla
Intrapartum
Breast milk
What are the consequences of CMV
Growth retardation Mental retardation / LD Microcephaly Sensorineural Deafness Visual loss Seizures More motor and cognitive impairment than Rubella Purpuric rash - blueberry muffin Encephalitis IUGR HSM Anaemia Thrombocytopenia Jaundice Cerebral palsy
How is HSV spread
Intrapartum
What is the risk of HSV in neonate
Neonatal herpes
Encephalitis
High mortality
How do you prevent HSV in nenate
Elective C section
Avoid invasive procedures
Oral acyclovir prophylaxis to mother
How is VZV spread
Transplacental
Intrapartum
What are the consequences of VZV
Greater risk of more severe infection e.g. pneumonitis / encephalitis in mother Fetal varicella syndrome - Fatal growth restriction -Eye defects - microphanthia / cataract -Skin scar -Limb hypoplasia -Microcephaly - Hydrocephalus -LD
What do you do if pregnant women comes in contact with VZV
Establish immunity by checking if had chicken pox or AB
Passive immunisation if in contact <10 days if IgG -ve
What do you do if mother develops chicken pox / shingles
Chicken pox = acyclovir if within 24 hours of rash
Shingles = no risk
NO VACCINE in pregnancy
How is Rubella spread
Transplacental
What does congenital rubella syndrome cause
Sensorineural deaf Eye - cataract / retinopathy / microphtalmia Congenital heart - PA stenosis / PDA Growth retardation HSM Purpuric skin Cerebral palsy
Less motor / cognitive than CMV
