infectious disease Flashcards
(69 cards)
1
Q
type of bacteria with a thick cell wall and color on gram stain
A
gram positive, purple/blue
2
Q
type of bacteria with thin cell wall and color on gram stain
A
gram neg, pink/red
3
Q
staphylococcus (+/-)
A
gram positive cocci
4
Q
streptococcus (+/-)
A
gram positive cocci
5
Q
enterococcus (+/-)
A
gram positive cocci
6
Q
clostridium (+/-)
A
gram positive rod
7
Q
listeria (+/-)
A
gram positive rod
8
Q
chlamydia (+/-)
A
atypical
9
Q
mycoplasma pneumoniae (+/-)
A
atypical
10
Q
acinetobacter (+/-)
A
gram neg coccobacillus
11
Q
nesseria gonorrhoeae (+/-)
A
gram neg cocci
12
Q
neisseria meningitidis (+/-)
A
gram neg cocci
13
Q
bordetella pertussis (+/-)
A
gram neg coccobacillus
14
Q
pasteurella multocida (+/-)
A
gram neg coccobacillus
15
Q
moraxella catarrhalis (+/-)
A
gram neg coccobacillus
16
Q
campylobacter (+/-)
A
gram neg rod
17
Q
citrobacter (+/-)
A
gram neg rod
18
Q
enterobacter (+/-)
A
gram neg rod
19
Q
pseudomonas (+/-)
A
gram neg rod
20
Q
e. coli (+/-)
A
gram neg rod
21
Q
haemophilus influenzae (+/-)
A
gram neg rod
22
Q
h pylori (+/-)
A
gram neg rod
23
Q
klebsiella (+/-)
A
gram neg rod
24
Q
legionella (+/-)
A
gram neg rod
25
salmonella (+/-)
gram neg rod
26
proteus (+/-)
gram neg rod
27
aminoglycocides moa
inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30s and 50s ribosomal subunits --> killing cell membrane
28
aminoglycosides (concentration/time dependent)
concentration dependent
29
post antibiotic effect
continued suppression of bacterial growth when levels are below MIC for the organism
30
antibiotics with post antibiotic effect
aminoglycosides
31
dosing aminoglycosides
extended interval dosing - can do this d/t concentration dependent and post antibiotic effect
32
nephrotoxicity is (increased/decreased) by the extended interval dosing with aminoglycosides
decreased
33
aminoglycoside coverage
gram negative (esp pseudomonas), gent and streptomycin are used in synergy for gram positive cocci (staph/enterococcus in setting of endocarditis) with beta lactase or vancomycin
34
gentamicin routes of admin
IV, IM, ophthalmic, topical
35
tobramycin routes of admin
IV, IM, ophthalmic, inhaled
36
amikacin routes of admin
IV, IM
37
aminoglycosides dosing weight
total body weight unless obese then used ADJUSTED body weight
38
boxed warnings for AMGs
neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, fetal harm
39
gent/tobra extended interval dosing
4-7 mg/kg/dose
40
amikacin extended interval dosing
15-20 mg/kg/dose
41
gent/tobra traditional dosing
1-2.5mg/kg/dose
42
amikacin traditional dosing
5-7.5 mg/kg/dose
43
PCNs MOA
beta lactams that inhibit cell wall synthesis by binding to
| PCN binding proteins - bactericidal
44
PCNs (concentration/time dependent)
time dependent
45
when are ahminoglycosides needed for synergy when using PCNs
with enterococci species
46
PCNs coverage
gram positive cocci and some gram neg bacilli; no atypical coverage
47
PCNs with extended gram neg coverage and what do they cover
piperacillin/ticarcillin, pseudomonas aeruginosa
48
adding a beta lamase inhibitor to PCNs allows for what coverage
anaerobic (bacteroides), haemophilus, neisseria
49
PCNs with enhanced activity against MSSA
nafcillin and oxacillin
50
PCNs with activity against enterococci
amipcillin, amoxicillin, piperacillin
51
amoxicillin brand name
amoxil
52
amoxicillin DOC in
acute otitis media, h pylori (multi drug combination), prophylaxis for endocarditis
53
amoxicillin+clavulanate brand name
augmentin
54
amoxicillin dosing
250-500mg po q8h, 500-887 po q12h, 775 MG XR (moxatag) daily
55
amoxicillin dosing for h pylori treatment
1000mg po bid
56
amoxicillin dosing for IE prevention
2 grams po 30-60 min before dental procedure
57
amox/clav dosing
500 mg tie, 875 mg bid, 2000 XR po bid with food
58
amipcillin dosing
250-500mg po q6h ON EMPTY STOMACH 1 HR BEFORE OR 2 HRS AFTER MEALS or 1-2g iv q4-6h
59
amicillin/sulbactam brand name
unasyn - iv dosing only!!!!
60
unasyn dosing
1.5-3grams iv q6h
61
unasyn 3 g
2g ampicillin/1g sulbactam
62
unasyn 1.5g
1g ampicillin/0.5g sulbactam
63
penicillin dosing
125-500mg po q6-8h on empty sotmach
64
penicillin g benzathine doing
1.2-2.4 MU IM x1
65
piperacillin/taabactam (zosyn) dosing
3.375g IV q6h or 4.5g iv q6-8h
66
piperacillin doing
3-4g iv q4-6h
67
which oral suspension of PCNs must be refrigerated and which has better taste with refrigeration but is stable for 14 days on shelf
augmentin/penVK: refridgerate
| amoxil: improves taste
68
IV infusions of ampicillin: compatibility, stability
NS only/stable for 8 hours
69
which PCN is a vesicant that can cause extravasation and what is the treatment if it occurs
nafcillin - use cold packs, hyaluronidase injections and central line admin is preferred
