Infectious diseases Flashcards
size of enlarged lymph node for cervical and axillary nodes
> 1cm
size of enlarged lymph node for inguinal nodes
> 1.5cm
tuberculous lymph nodes often described as _____
matted
girl with viral illness who also has firm, fixed node. Should you be concerned?
yes. Firm fixed node should always raise question of malignancy even if there are other systemic symptoms or findings
adenopathy thought to be bacterial. what do antibiotics need to cover?
staph and strep
what work up should you do if lymph node doesn’t decrease in size after 10-14 days?
CBC, Dif, EBV, CMV, toxoplasma, catch scratch diseases titers; ASOT or antiDNase B serologic tests, tuberculin skin test, chest radiograph
when to consider biopsy of enlarged lymph node
B symptoms, supraclavicular location, mediastinal mass, hard nodes, fixed nodes, increase in size over baseline in 2 weeks, no decrease in size in 4-6 weeks, no regression to “normal” in 8-12 weeks, or if new signs and symptoms develop
which imaging modality would you use to differentiate reactive vs malignant nodes?
ultrasound
nonbullous impetigo predominantly caused by
staph aureus (different type tho than types of staph that cause SSS and toxic shock)
bullous impetigo is always caused by this bacteria
staph aureus
cellulitis more common in these 3 conditions
immunosuppression, lymphatic stasis, diabetes mellitus
treatment for staph scalded skin syndrome
clindamycin (thought to inhibit toxin synthesis)
complications of staph scalded skin
fluid loss, electrolyte imbalance, temperature regulation, pneumonia, septicaemia, cellulitis
Most common serious bacterial infections in neonates and young infants in decreasing frequency
urinary tract infection (5-13%), bacteremia (1-2%), meningitis (0.2-0.5%)
most common organisms causing SBIs in infants
e.coli then GBS
when do infants with disseminated HSV typically present?
5-12 days of life
when do infants with with CNS HSV typically present?
16-19 days of life
When does perinatally acquired HSV usually present by?
28 days of life, occasionally later
what percent of infants with bacterial meningitis have a negative blood culture?
35%
2 connective tissue disorders commonly associated with fever of unknown origin
JIA and SLE (others: IBD, kawasaki)
name 5 live vaccines
MMR, Varicella, nasal influenza, oral polio, rotavirus
contraindications to vaccines
anaphylaxis, immunosuppression or pregnancy (live virus vaccine), moderate-severe illness with or without fever