Infectious Practice Questions Flashcards
Why is it particularly important for the nurse to interview a patient with gonorrhea to identify the patients sexual contacts?
Gonorrhea may be asymptomatic
Which symptoms in a patient with AIDS are most characteristic of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia infection?
Fever, dyspnea, and non-productive cough
What is natural immunity?
resistance to disease that is present at birth
How does the herpes simplex virus, type 2 (HSV-2) survive in the body? The virus
invades nerve ganglia when its replication diminishes
A three-year-old patient is admitted with sepsis and possible Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. Which action should the nurse take prior to initiating the prescribed antibiotic therapy?
Ensure that blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures are obtained.
Which is a clinical manifestation of herpes zoster (shingles)?
vesicles along one side of the thorax
A patient with a urinary tract infection is taking sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin). Why should the nurse increase this patient’s fluid intake?
to prevent crystalluria
The nurse is planning discharge instructions for a patient who has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse should stress that disinfection can be effectively achieved in the home by cleaning contaminated surfaces with which substance?
a dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite
The nurse reviews the nutritional history of a 10-year-old child who developed a salmonella infection. Which food is most likely to be the cause of the infection?
cookie dough
Which health problem often precedes the occurrence of rheumatic fever?
streptococcal pharyngitis
Which measure should be included in the nursing management of a patient with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
Maintain semi-Fowler’s position.
A patient with a urinary tract infection (UTI) is seen at a community health center and amoxicillin trihydrate (Amoxil) is prescribed. Three days later, the laboratory report on the patient’s urine specimen reads, “Bacterial count 150,000 colonies per mL. Sensitive to Amoxil. Which statement provides the best interpretation of this report?
The bacterial count is excessive and Amoxil should be continued
Which clinical manifestation is most indicative of Lyme disease in children?
ring-shaped rash
Which observation indicates a urinary tract infection (UTI) in a school-age child?
enuresis
Which infectious disease can be diagnosed through the use of blood studies?
syphilis
The nurse is obtaining a sputum specimen for acid-fast bacillus. Which action will best protect the nurse during this procedure?
Place the specimen container in a sealed plastic bag.
Which person is most likely to have a significant positive response (greater than 9 mm) to the Mantoux test?
a person who has a history of tuberculosis
Which vaccine is contraindicated for a child who is HIV seropositive and severely immunocompromised?
rubella
Which nursing diagnosis should receive priority in the plan of care for a three-month-old infant who has a salmonella infection?
fluid volume deficit
A positive response to which diagnostic test is the best indicator that a patient who is HIV seropositive has tuberculosis?
sputum specimen
Which is the drug of choice for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis?
penicillin V potassium (Pen-Vee K)
A patient with chills uses accessory neck muscles to breathe. Chest movement is restricted and inspiratory crackles are heard on auscultation. Which acute condition should the nurse suspect?
pneumonia
What are the initial clinical manifestations of shigella infection?
fever and abdominal cramping
Which information in a patient’s health history indicates that the patient is at risk for infection from hepatitis B?
employed as a dentist
