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internal 5th year > infectology > Flashcards

infectology Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Erysipelas treatment

A

penicillin, cefuroxime

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2
Q

Cellulitis th

A
  • no MRSA risk out pt: cefazolin, cephalexin
  • MRSA out pt: TMP-SMX, clindamycin
  • MRSA, in pt: vancomycin
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3
Q

Toxic Shock Syndrome th

A

vancomycin+ clindamycin+ carbapenem or piperacillin tazobactam

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4
Q

Necrotizing Fasciitis th

A
  • type 1 : clindamycin + piperacillin tazobactam/ carbapenem

- type 2: clindamycin + penicillin

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5
Q

Gas Gangrene th

A

Clindamycin + Penicillin G

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6
Q

Diabetic Foot Ulcer th

A
  • Mild infection: Oxacillin or Cephalexin
  • Chronic infection: Fluoroquinolone + Clindamycin
  • Life-threatening infection :Vancomycin + Imipenem or Vancomycin + Piperacillin/tazobactam
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7
Q

Osteomyelitis th

A

empiric: Vancomycin + Ceftazidime/ Cefepime

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8
Q

Bacterial (non-gonococcal) Arthritis empiric th

A

Ceftriaxone or Vancomycin (if MRSA risk)

Consider adding Cefepime if elderly and/or immunocompromised.

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9
Q

Gonococcal Arthritis th

A

Ceftriaxone for 7 days with empiric doxycycline 7days

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10
Q

Lyme erythema migrans th

A

doxycycline 1st line
amoxicillin (preganant 1st choice)
cefuroxime

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11
Q

Lyme Cranial nerve palsy th

A

doxycycline
amoxicillin
cefuroxime

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12
Q

Lyme meningitis Lyme carditis Lyme arthritis

A 
#1 Ceftriaxone (IV, once daily x 14 days)
#2 Cefotaxime (IV, 3 times daily x 14 days)
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13
Q

Cystitis Non-complicated th

A

Fosfomycin (3 g PO single dose)

Nitrofurantoin (PO 3-5 days)

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14
Q

Cystitis complicated th

A
  • Fosfomycin
  • Nitrofurantoin
  • TMP-SMX
  • Amoxicillin/clavulanate
  • Ciprofloxacin/Levofloxacin
    10-14 days
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15
Q

catheterized patient UTI th

A

before culture result give empirical AB imipenem then step down

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16
Q

Urethritis th

A

Neisseria coverage → Ceftriaxone (IM, 250 mg single dose)

Chlamydia coverage → Azithromycin (PO, 1 g single dose) OR Doxycycline (PO, 100 mg, twice daily x 7 days)

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17
Q

Prostatitis th

A

TMP-SMX
Ciprofloxacin/Levofloxacin
6 weeks

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18
Q

Pyelonephritis th

A

out pt ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, TMP-SMX 14 days amoxicillin/calvulanic acid 10-14 days
in pt Ceftriaxone, piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem (sepsis only iv) 14 days

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19
Q

strep throat th

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A

amoxicillin 10 days

20
Q

Diverticulitis Outpatient th

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A

TMP-SMX
Cipro+metronidazole
Clindamycin+gentamycin

21
Q

Diverticulitis In-hospital Treatment

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A

Ampicillin+/-aminoglycoside+/-metronidazole

Carbapenems for more severe cases

22
Q

Cholecystitis Cholangitis AB th

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A
  • Ciprofloxacin + Metronidazole

- Ampicillin/sulbactam + Gentamicin + Metronidazole

23
Q

1° (spontaneous) bacterial peritonitis th

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A

Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone

24
Q

2° bacterial peritonitis th

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A 
Piperacillin/tazobactam 
Imipenem
Ciprofloxacin + Metronidazole 
Ceftriaxone + Metronidazole
\+Surgical intervention
25
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) th
Ceftriaxone + Doxycycline | Clindamycin + Gentamycin
26
Intra-abdominal abscess th
Percutaneous drainage Piperacillin/tazobactam Imipenem Ciprofloxacin + Metronidazole Ceftriaxone + Metronidazole
27
Acute bacterial meningitis th
Ceftriaxone+ Vancomycin + Dexamethasone | +/- Ampicillin for Listeria coverage (if patient > 50 y')
28
Brain Abscess th
Ceftriaxone/Cefepime + Metronidazole (usually 4-8 weeks)
29
Neutropenic Fever low risk outpt th
Amoxicillin/clavulanate and Ciprofloxacin
30
Neutropenic Fever high risk hospitalization th
Imipenem or Meropenem Piperacillin/tazobactam add Vancomycin in selected cases ex: indwelling catheter add antifungal therapy if neutropenic fever > 5 days
31
Endemic mycoses (Coccidiomycosis Histoplasmosis Blastomycosis) th
Localized disease: Itraconazole, Fluconazole Disseminated disease: - Amphotericin-B - Itraconazole (consider as maintenance therapy)
32
Candidiasis (Opportunistic mycoses)
``` Mucocutaneous infection: - Nystatin (topical) - Fluconazole Esophageal infection: - Fluconazole Disseminated infection: - Caspofungin - Liposomal Amphotericin-B ```
33
Cryptococcosis (Opportunistic mycoses)
CNS involvement: - Amphotericin-B and Flucytosine - Fluconazole (maintenance)
34
Aspergillosis (Opportunistic mycoses)
Disseminated infection: - Voriconazole - Amphotericin-B
35
Mucormycosis (Opportunistic mycoses)
Amphotericin-B | Surgical
36
Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) th
clarithromycin + ethambutol +/- rifabutin.
37
HIV CART
Tenofovir+Emtricitabine+Ritonavir | Tenofovir+Emtricitabine+Raltegravir
38
HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis
Tenofovir + Emtricitabine
39
HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
Tenofovir + Emtricitabine +/- Raltegravir
40
HIV Pregnancy prophylaxis (prevent vertical transmission)
'2+1 regimen' + Zidovudine
41
Inflammatory diarrhea with positive warning signs
empiric antibiotic treatment (azithromycin or ciprofloxacin x 3-5 days).
42
Clostridium difficile Initial episode, mild-moderate
Metronidazole (PO), 10-14 d' | *alternatively use Fidaxomicin
43
Clostridium difficile Initial episode, severe
Vancomycin (PO), 10-14 d' | *alternatively use Fidaxomicin
44
Clostridium difficile fulminant
Vancomycin (PO or NGT) PLUS Metronidazole (IV) | *consider rectal vancomycin
45
Clostridium difficile First recurrence
Repeat 14-days course with metronidazole or vancomycin
46
Clostridium difficile Second recurrence
Vancomycin taper for 6 weeks
47
Clostridium difficile Multiple recurrences
repeat vancomycin (PO) taper/pulse, fecal transplantation

internal 5th year (2 decks)

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