Infeksi Cacing

Question 1

Infeksi Cacing (4)

Answer 1

Schistosomiasis
Taeniasis
Nematoda
Fasciolopsis

Question 2

Schistosomiasis

Answer 2

= Cacing Darah

4S
Sistosoma → Cacing
Serkaria → Stadium infektif
Sulawesi → Lokasi → Lindu
Siput → Vektor

Lihat telur cacing → feses rutin

Question 3

Schistosomiasis (3)

Answer 3

Mansoni
Hematobium
Japonicum

Question 4

Schistosomiasis Mansoni

Answer 4

Oval, spina di lateral/samping

M L
Mansoni Lateral

Question 5

Schistosomiasis Hematobium

Answer 5

Oval, spina di medial/tengah

Hemato → Jarum suntik → tengah

Question 6

Schistosomiasis Japonicum

Answer 6

Bulat, spina (-)

🇯🇵

Question 7

Tx Schistosomiasis

Answer 7

• Mansoni, Hematobium: Prazikuantel 40 mg/kgBB 2x1
• Japonicum: Prazikuantel 60 mg/kgBB 3x1
• Alternatif: Prazikuantel 10 mg/kgBB DT

Question 8

FR Taeniasis

Answer 8

Makan daging sapi/babi kurang matang

Question 9

Klasifikasi Taeniasis (2)

Answer 9

Taenia Saginata
Taenia Solium

Question 10

Taenia Saginata

Answer 10

Sistiserkus bovis → stadium infektif
Proglotid (segmen gravid) 15-30 cabang (besar & banyak)
Rostellum (-)

Saginata Sapi

Question 11

Taenia Solium

Answer 11

Sistiserkus selulosa → stadium infektif
Proglotid (segmen gravid) 5-10 cabang
Rostellum (+) → capit/gigi di kapala

Question 12

Komplikasi Taenia Solium

Answer 12

Neurosistiserkosis
Gejala → kejang, penkes, defisit neurologis

Question 13

Tx Neurosistiserkosis

Answer 13

Albendazole 2x400 mg (8-30 hari) + steroid

Question 14

PP Taeniasis

Answer 14

Feses rutin
→
Telur bulat dengan striae radier/roda pedati → dinding tebal, tidak bergerigi
Onkosfer dan embriofor

Question 15

Tx Taeniasis

Answer 15

Prazikuantel 10 mg/kgBB DT

Question 16

Nematoda (6)

Answer 16

EAT
Stadium infektif → metaserkaria
Transmisi → fekal-oral (makanan)
- Enterobius Vermicularis
- Ascaris Lumbricoides
- Trichuris Trichiura

SAN
Stadium infektif → larva filariform
Transmisi → menembus kulit
FR: Tidak menggunakan alas kaki
- Strongyloides stercoralis
- Ancylostoma duodenale
- Necator americanus

Question 17

Enterobius Vermicularis

Answer 17

= Oxyuris Vermicularis = Cacing Kremi
Cacing seperti parutan kelapa

GADUMARI
GA tal
DU bur
MA lam
HA ri

Question 18

PP Enterobius Vermicularis

Answer 18

Anal swab/graham scotch adhesive tape
→

Telur oval, pipih pada 1 sisi asimetris, plankonveks (spt D)

Question 19

Tx Enterobius Vermicularis

Answer 19

Pirantel Pamoat 10 mg/kgBB DT
Mebendazole 500 mg DT atau 2x100 mg 3 hari
Albendazole 400 mg DT

Pi M A

Question 20

Gejala Ascaris Lumbricoides

Answer 20

BAB keluar cacing seperti mie
Sindrom Loeffler → cacing masuk ke saluran napas → batuk/sesak
Ileus obstruksi → o/k terlalu banyak

Question 21

PP Ascaris Lumbricoides

Answer 21

Feses rutin
→

Mirip Taenia, bedanya lapisan luar bergelombang
Corticated (sudah dibuahi) → Telur dinding 3 lapis, albuminoid (+), lapisan luar bergelombang
Decorticated (belum dibuahi) → albumnioid (-)

Question 22

Tx Ascaris Lumbricoides

Answer 22

Albendazole 400 mg DT
Mebendazole 2x100 mg 3 hari
Pirantel Pamoat 10 mg/kgBB DT

A M Pi

Question 23

Trichuris Trichiura

Answer 23

= Cacing Cambuk

3T
Trichuriasis → Dx
Tong/Tempayan → Telur Double Knob
Turun → Komplikasi → Prolaps Rekti

Question 24

PP Trichuris Trichiura

Answer 24

Feses rutin

Question 25

Tx Trichuris Trichiura

Answer 25

**M**ebendazole 2x100 mg 3 hari **A**lbendazole 400 mg DT ## Footnote M A

Question 26

Strongyloides stercoralis

Answer 26

= Cacing Benang Cacing dengan **ekor huruf W**

Question 27

Tx Strongyloides stercoralis

Answer 27

**A**lbendazole 400 mg 3 hari **M**ebendazole 3x100 mg 2-4 minggu ## Footnote A M

Question 28

Ancylostoma duodenale Necator americanus

Answer 28

= Cacing Tambang Anemia (5L) → o/k *microbleeding* di usus

Question 29

PP Ancylostoma duodenale Necator americanus

Answer 29

Feses rutin/**Harada Mori** test → Telur ovale, dinding transparan, *segmented ovum*

Question 30

Tx Ancylostoma duodenale Necator americanus

Answer 30

**A**lbendazole 400 mg DT **M**ebendazole 2x100 mg 3 hari **Pi**rantel Pamoat 10 mg/kgBB DT ## Footnote A M Pi

Question 31

Etio Fasciolopsis

Answer 31

- Fasciola hepatika makan hepar sapi/kambing target organ hepar - Fasciola busci makan tanaman air mentah target organ usus

Question 32

Stadium Fasciolopsis (2)

Answer 32

Infeksius Diagnosis

Question 33

Stadium Infeksius Fasciolopsis

Answer 33

Metaserkaria

Question 34

Stadium Diagnosis Fasciolopsis

Answer 34

Telur dalam feses

Question 35

Dx Fasciolopsis

Answer 35

*RUQ pain*, gang GIT Diare, demam, anemia Berat → gangguan fungsi hati

Question 36

PP Fasciolopsis

Answer 36

Feses rutin → telur lonjong berdinding tipis dengan operculum → cacing pipih seperti daun

Question 37

Tx Fasciolopsis hepatica

Answer 37

1. Praziquantel 40 mg/kgBB DT 2. Albendazole 2x400 mg PO 3 hari

Question 38

Tx Fasciolopsis busci

Answer 38

Triclabendazole 10 mg/kg/dosis 12 hari

Question 39

Tx Cacingan

Answer 39

- Schistosoma Praziquantel - Taenia Praziquantel - Nematoda - Ascaris/Ancolystoma/Necator/**Strong** A M Pi - Enterobius Pi M A - Trichuris M A - Fasciolopsis hepatica P A - Fasciolopsis busci Triclabendazole

Question 40

Cara Kerja Obat Cacingan: Mebendazol

Answer 40

Hambat polimerisasi tubulin → kehilangan microtubule

Question 41

Cara Kerja Obat Cacingan: Pirantel Pimoat

Answer 41

Lumpuhkan otot cacing ## Footnote Pirantel pamoat Paralisis

Question 42

Cara Kerja Obat Cacingan: Albendazol

Answer 42

Cegah cacing serap glukosa → kehilangan energi → pingsan → gone

Question 43

Cara Kerja Obat Cacingan: Praziquantel

Answer 43

Meningkatkan aktivitas otot o/k hilang Ca2+ intrasel → kontraksi & paralisis spastik → cacing lepas dari tempatnya

Question 44

Ascaris Lumbricoides

Answer 44

= Cacing Gelang

Question 45

Taeniasis

Answer 45

= Cacing Pita