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Histopath Midterm > Infiltration > Flashcards

Infiltration Flashcards

1
Q

Why is there a need to carry out infiltration/ impregnation?

A

Remove clearing agents from tissue; Fill up cavities and tissue spaces

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2
Q

Why do tissue spaces and cavities need to be filled up?

A

To give the tissue a firm consistency and facilitate tissues to be easily cut in thin slices.

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3
Q

What are the three infiltration method?

A

Celloidin Infiltration method, Paraffin, Gelatin Infiltration method

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4
Q

Infiltration method recommended for specimens with large and hollow cavities that tends to collapse.

A

Celloidin Infiltration method

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5
Q

Disadvantage when using Celloidin Infiltration method.

A

Process is slow

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6
Q

Thin: _______%; place the specimen for _______.

A

2-4%; 5-7 days

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7
Q

Medium: _______%; place the specimen for _______.

A

4-6%; 5-7 days

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8
Q

Thick: _______%; place the specimen for _______.

A

8-12%; 3-5 days

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9
Q

Most common method of infiltration and makes the process rapid because it uses heat.

A

Paraffin

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10
Q

Method of infiltration that is not suited for fatty tissues.

A

Paraffin

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11
Q

Not usually carried out in the lab and is only recommended if
dehydration must be avoided.

A

Gelatin Infiltration method

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12
Q

Infiltration method for enzyme and histochemical studies

A

Gelatin Infiltration method

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13
Q

Required thickness when using gelatin infiltration method.

A

Not to be more than 2-3

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14
Q

Use of ____ In gelatin in filtration will prevent molds.

A

Phenol

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15
Q

3 types of celloidin impregnation.

A

Dry celloidin Method, Wet celloidin Method, Nitrocellulose Method (Low Viscosity Nitrocellulose)

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16
Q

Celloidin infiltration method recommended for whole eye specimens.

A

Dry celloidin Method

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17
Q

Using the Dry celloidin Method will require use of _________ to store blocks.

A

Gilson’s mixture

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18
Q

Recommended for bones, teeth, large brain sections and whole organs.

A

Wet celloidin Method

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19
Q

Wet celloidin Method will require what percentage of alcohol to store blocks?

A

70-70%

20
Q

Form of celloidin that is soluble in ether and alcohol.

A

Nitrocellulose Method (Low Viscosity Nitrocellulose)

21
Q

Has lower viscosity therefore it can be used in high concentration and can penetrate tissue rapidly.

A

Nitrocellulose Method (Low Viscosity Nitrocellulose)

22
Q

Much preferred than the ordinary celloidin for both impregnation and embedding.

A

Nitrocellulose Method (Low Viscosity Nitrocellulose)

23
Q

Produces harder tissue block and allows cutting of thinner sections.

A

Nitrocellulose Method (Low Viscosity Nitrocellulose)

24
Q

Disadvantage of Nitrocellulose Method (Low Viscosity Nitrocellulose).

A

They have the tendency to crack

25
Q

Nitrocellulose Method (Low Viscosity Nitrocellulose) have the tendency to crack.

A

What is the remedy for it? Add plasticizers (Oleum ricini or castor oil)

26
Q

Examples of plasticizers that can be added to prevent cracks when using Nitrocellulose Method (Low Viscosity Nitrocellulose).

A

Oleum ricini or castor oil

27
Q

Most common infiltrating agent.

A

Paraffin Wax

28
Q

What is the melting point of paraffin wax commonly used?

A

56degC

29
Q

What are the methods of Paraffin infiltration?

A

Manual Method, Automatic Method, Vacuum Infiltration

30
Q

Paraffin infiltration that uses heat so we need to utilize an oven.

A

Manual Method

31
Q

In the manual method of paraffin infiltration, what instrument is used?

A

Oven

32
Q

Temperature range of paraffin oven when in use.

A

55-60degC or approx. 2-5degC higher than the wax melting point

33
Q

How many changes of wax is required when using the manual method of paraffin infiltration?

A

4

34
Q

What machine is being used in the automatic method of paraffin infiltration? And how many changes of wax is required?

A

Autotechnicon; 2-3 changes of wax

35
Q

Infiltration under negative atmospheric pressure inside the oven.

A

Vacuum Infiltration

36
Q

Tissue processing time is reduced because tissues are subjected to very high temperature.

A

Vacuum Infiltration

37
Q

Facilitates removal of transition solvents and prolong the life of wax by reducing solvent contamination.

A

Vacuum Infiltration

38
Q

What can be used as substitute for Paraffin wax?

A

Paraplast, Carbowax, Bioloid, Ester wax

39
Q

Substitute for paraffin wax recommended for bones and brain specimens.

A

Paraplast

40
Q

What is the melting point of paraplast?

A

56-57degC

41
Q

Substitute for paraffin wax that is water soluble and is recommended for enzyme histochemical studies.

A

Carbowax

42
Q

A polyethylene glycol containing 18 or more carbon atoms and appears solid at room temperature.

A

Carbowax

43
Q

Substitute for paraffin wax used for eye specimens.

A

Bioloid

44
Q

Substitute for paraffin wax that will require heavy duty type of microtome harder than paraffin wax.

A

Ester wax

45
Q

What is the melting point for ester wax?

A

46-48degC

Histopath Midterm (8 decks)

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