inflammation Flashcards
(20 cards)
what are the five cardinal signs of inflammation
redness heat swelling pain loss of function
what is the microcirculation
capillary beds
extracellular space
lymphatic channels
describe the process known as the “triple response”
- transient arteriolar constriction
- local arteriolar dilation
- relaxation of vessel smooth muscle
what is exudate
fluid leaked usually due to inflammation, rich in protein
what is diapedesis
movement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system and towards the site of tissue damage or infection
what does suppuration mean
formation of pus
what effect can neutrophils have on phagocytes in inflammation
mobiles phagocytes
what is thromboxane
A substance made by platelets that causes blood clotting and constriction of blood vessels
what effect does NO have on smooth muscle
relaxation
what is the function of bradykinin
A peptide that widens blood vessels (vasodilatation) and lowers blood pressure, increases capillary permeability and the secretion of saliva and mediates pain associated with inflammation.
what is a pyrogen
substance prodeuced by bacteria that typically causes fever when released into the blood
what is an empyema
the collection of pus in a cavity in the body, especially in the pleural cavity.
what is pyaemia
pus discharge to the blood stream causing blood poisoning
what is granulation tissue composed of
new capillaries
fibroblasts and collagen
macrophages
what is the clinical picture of early septic shock
tachycardia
hypotension
peripheral vasodilation
(haemorrhagic skin rash)
what is the definition of chronic inflammation
where the cell population is especially
lymphocytes,
plasma cells,
macrophages
there is also necrosis
what is the function of a fibroblast
make structural proteins such as collagens
what is a granuloma
a mass of granulation tissue
what are examples of infectious granulomatous diseases
TB
Leprosy
Syphilis
what are examples of non infective granulomas diseases
rheumatoid disease
sarcoidosis
Crohn’s disease
