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Batch 23! > Inflammation-Ai > Flashcards

Inflammation-Ai Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What are inflammatory mediators?

A

Substances released by immune cells that promote inflammation.

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2
Q

True or False: Histamine is an inflammatory mediator that increases blood vessel permeability.

A

True

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3
Q

Which inflammatory mediator is primarily responsible for causing fever?

A

Prostaglandins

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ is a cytokine that plays a key role in the immune response and inflammation.

A

Interleukin-1 (IL-1)

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5
Q

What is the function of bradykinin in inflammation?

A

It causes vasodilation and increases vascular permeability.

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6
Q

Which type of cell primarily releases cytokines during inflammation?

A

Macrophages

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7
Q

True or False: Chemokines are involved in the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation.

A

True

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8
Q

What role do leukotrienes play in the inflammatory response?

A

They contribute to bronchoconstriction and increased vascular permeability.

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9
Q

Which inflammatory mediator is known for its role in allergic reactions?

A

Histamine

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10
Q

What is the primary action of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)?

A

It promotes inflammation and apoptosis.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ are lipid mediators that are derived from arachidonic acid and play a role in inflammation.

A

Prostaglandins

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12
Q

What is the effect of nitric oxide in inflammation?

A

It acts as a vasodilator and has antimicrobial properties.

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13
Q

True or False: Inflammatory mediators can only promote inflammation and have no anti-inflammatory effects.

A

False

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14
Q

What is the function of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the inflammatory process?

A

It stimulates immune responses and inflammatory reactions.

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15
Q

Which inflammatory mediator is associated with pain and is released during tissue injury?

A

Prostaglandins

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16
Q

What is the primary source of inflammatory mediators during an acute inflammatory response?

A

Activated immune cells, such as mast cells and macrophages.

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ is a potent vasodilator released during inflammation.

A

Nitric oxide

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18
Q

True or False: Inflammatory mediators can have systemic effects beyond the local site of inflammation.

A

True

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19
Q

What is the role of complement proteins in inflammation?

A

They enhance the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens.

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20
Q

Which mediator is primarily responsible for the redness and heat associated with inflammation?

A

Histamine

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21
Q

What is the function of the inflammatory mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF)?

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A

It promotes platelet aggregation and inflammation.

22
Q

Fill in the blank: __________ are small proteins that mediate communication between cells during inflammation.

23
Q

What is the primary effect of substance P in the inflammatory response?

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A

It is involved in pain perception and neurogenic inflammation.

24
Q

True or False: Inflammatory mediators can lead to tissue repair and resolution of inflammation.

25
Which inflammatory mediator is known for its role in chronic inflammation?
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
26
What are the two main categories of inflammatory mediators?
Cell-derived and plasma-derived mediators.
27
What is acute inflammation?
A rapid and short-term response of the body to injury or infection.
28
True or False: Acute inflammation is always harmful to the body.
False
29
Name the four classic signs of acute inflammation.
Redness, heat, swelling, and pain.
30
What is the primary function of acute inflammation?
To eliminate the initial cause of cell injury and to clear out necrotic cells and tissues.
31
Fill in the blank: Acute inflammation is characterized by an increase in __________.
blood flow and vascular permeability.
32
Which type of white blood cells are primarily involved in acute inflammation?
Neutrophils.
33
True or False: Acute inflammation can lead to chronic inflammation if unresolved.
True
34
What is the role of histamine in acute inflammation?
Histamine increases blood vessel permeability and promotes vasodilation.
35
How does acute inflammation differ from chronic inflammation?
Acute inflammation is a short-term response, while chronic inflammation is prolonged and can last for months or years.
36
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a feature of acute inflammation? A) Exudation of fluid B) Tissue repair C) Fibrosis
C) Fibrosis
37
What is the role of cytokines in acute inflammation?
Cytokines are signaling proteins that mediate and regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis.
38
Fill in the blank: The process of acute inflammation begins with __________.
the recognition of harmful stimuli.
39
What is a common clinical example of acute inflammation?
Acute appendicitis.
40
True or False: Fever is a common systemic effect of acute inflammation.
True
41
What are prostaglandins and what is their role in acute inflammation?
Prostaglandins are lipid compounds that promote inflammation and cause pain and fever.
42
Multiple Choice: Which of the following cells is not typically involved in acute inflammation? A) Neutrophils B) Macrophages C) Plasma cells
C) Plasma cells
43
What is the significance of the acute-phase response?
It is a systemic reaction that includes changes in plasma protein levels, leukocytosis, and fever.
44
Fill in the blank: Acute inflammation can result in __________ if the injurious agent is not eliminated.
chronic inflammation.
45
What is the role of macrophages in acute inflammation?
Macrophages help clear debris and pathogens and secrete cytokines that promote inflammation.
46
Define exudate in the context of acute inflammation.
Exudate is a fluid rich in protein and cellular debris that accumulates at the site of inflammation.
47
True or False: Acute inflammation can only occur in response to infections.
False
48
What is the typical duration of acute inflammation?
A few days to weeks.
49
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a mediator of inflammation? A) Insulin B) Histamine C) Hemoglobin
B) Histamine
50
What is the term for the process by which leukocytes exit the bloodstream to reach the site of inflammation?
Extravasation.
51
Fill in the blank: In acute inflammation, __________ is the primary cause of redness and heat.
increased blood flow.
52
What is the role of fibrin in acute inflammation?
Fibrin helps form a temporary barrier to prevent the spread of infection.

Batch 23! (2 decks)

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