Inflammation II Flashcards
What is the action of anti-histamines and give an example
Antagonist of H1 receptors
Loratidine
Why is the use of antihistamines limited?
Only blocking one type of inflammatory mediator
Give FOUR examples of NSAIDs
Aspirin
Diclofenac
Naproxen
Ibuprofen
What is COX?
Cyclo-oxygenase is an enzyme which is used to produce pro-inflammatory mediators e.g. PGs
What is the problem with COX2 selective NSAIDs?
Increased cardiovascular risks
How do NSAIDs exert their analgesic effect?
Reduction in the formation of prostaglandins that sensitise nociceptors
How do NSAIDs exert their anti-inflammatory effect?
Reduce the inflammation caused by PGs
What are the unwanted GI effects caused by NSAIDs?
Inhibition of COX1 which produces protective PGs
What effect does NSAIDs have on the kidneys? (2)
Reduction in renal blood flow
May cause analgesic nephropathy
What controls the production of corticosteroids?
Corticotrophin releasing hormone
Where is cortisol produced?
Adrenal cortex
What is the mechanism of action of corticosteroids? (2)
Bind to cytosolic corticosteroid receptor
Incorporated into nucleus to regulate protein transcription
Name THREE ways in which corticosteroids have their anti-inflammatory effect
Reduce cardinal signs
Reduces the synthesis of inflammatory mediators
Direct effect on inflammatory cells
What is the effect of corticosteroids on inflammatory mediators?
Reduced synthesis of PGs, cytokine and NO
What is the effect of corticosteroids on inflammatory cells?
Decreased movement of neutrophils
