Influenza, Herpes simplex and RSV

Question 1

What are the influenza virus types?

Answer 1

A, B, C, D

Question 2

which virus types cause seasonla epidmeics in humans (flu season)?

Answer 2

a and B

Question 3

Which viruses cause global pandemics (like the emergence of a new variant)

Answer 3

A

Question 4

whihc viruses casue mild disease and ccnot be epidmic?

Answer 4

C

Question 5

Whihc virus does not cause disease in humans

Answer 5

D

Question 6

Strnad A subtypes (proteins on surface of virus)

Answer 6

A(H1N1)
A(H3N2)

Question 7

What acts as antigens on the a strand?

Answer 7

H and N surface proteins

Question 8

what is antigenic drift?

Answer 8

minor changes in the H and N antigens that cause antigenicity and mean that we virus is slightly different each time

Question 9

What are the subtypes for the B virus?

Answer 9

Victoria and Yamagata

Question 10

Whihc B strain is currenlty more widely circulating

Answer 10

Victoria

Question 11

what strains do virsuses currently proetct againts

Answer 11

all A and B strians, reformulated every year to account for antigenic drift

Question 12

Differences between cold and infkuenza

Answer 12

influenza more aburpt and dangerous

Question 13

How is infection transmissted

Answer 13

viral sheeding and via inhalation

Question 14

how long does influenza incubate

Answer 14

7 days

Question 15

when is influenza infectious and who has longer infection children or aultd

Answer 15

infectious 1 prior to symtpotms till 5-7 after onset of symptoms

children 10 days

Question 16

Vaccination for influenza what time of year? how long does it take to work?

Answer 16

sept- end, october

2 weeks to develop resistance

Question 17

vax for influenza ages and dosing

Answer 17

6 months up normal dose

65 plus high dose

Question 18

What are the influenza vax?

Answer 18

IIV
- IIV3
-IIV4

RIV
- RIV4

LAIV
-LAIV3
-LAIV4

Question 19

whihc vax are made from hen eggs?

Answer 19

IIV and LAIV

Question 20

function of adjuvents?

Answer 20

boost immune response

Question 21

What vax is not delivered IM, how is it delivered?

Answer 21

LAIV - nasal spary

Question 22

infleunza vax serious and rare side effect

Answer 22

Oculo-repiratory syndrom ( red eyes bilateraly and one resp sym)

and guille barre syndrom

Question 23

Antiviral tx for influenza include whihc drugs?

Answer 23

Oseltamivir
Zanamivir
Peramivir
Baloxavir

Question 24

Drug formulations

Answer 24

Oseltamivir - po (tab or liquid)
Zanamivir - inhalation
Peramivir - IV
Baloxavir - po (one dose)

Question 25

Oseltamivir S/E

Answer 25

GI and CNS

Question 26

Zanamivir S/E

Answer 26

Gi and respiratory - can't use for COPD or asthma SJS/TEN and cardiac arrhythmias

Question 27

Peramivir S/E

Answer 27

GI and SJS/TEN, anayphalysis, hallucinations

Question 28

Baloxavir S/E

Answer 28

hyoersentivity rxn, hallucination

Question 29

Herpes simplex infections, types

Answer 29

HSV1 - cold sores HSV2 - genitals

Question 30

Course of hSV infections

Answer 30

once infection travels from epthial cells to nerves cells and can lie dormant for many years symptoms brought on by triggers

Question 31

HSV brekout/ outbreak

Answer 31

prodromal feeling 1-2 days befroe can get flu-like symptoms genital herpes may affect urination Sym may be worst if immunocomprimised, HIV/AID or pot trasnplant can spread to eyes

Question 32

Managment of HSV

Answer 32

relive symtpoms not sure disease - acyclovir, famcyclovir, valcyclovir

Question 33

whihc can effect liver enzymes?

Answer 33

valcyclobir

Question 34

whihc can be give topically? and side effects of topical?

Answer 34

acyclovir - pruritus and contact dermatitus

Question 35

whihc can be given systemically and side effects of systemic?

Answer 35

acyclovir - decreased hb, neutropenia, malasise, DVN, AKI, interistial nephritis

Question 36

side ffects of famicyclovir

Answer 36

headaches, nausea, fatigue, neutropenia and leukopenia

Question 37

side effects of valcyclovir

Answer 37

adbodminal pina, neuases, neutropenia, increased liver enzymes, headache, nsopharynitis, arthalgias, diarrhea and vomiting

Question 38

any drug reistsance for HSV and what do we do in this situraion?

Answer 38

acyclovir resistance for HIV patients who are immunocomprimised - mutation in DNA polymerase we can use intralesional cidofovir

Question 39

Characteristics of RSV?

Answer 39

mild cold flu

Question 40

who does RSV affect most

Answer 40

affects young chldren infants most most have had by second birthday

Question 41

RSV complications

Answer 41

penumonia or bornchitus

Question 42

TX

Answer 42

sym ptomatic

Question 43

severe tx

Answer 43

oxygen and IV fluids

Question 44

those most at risk?

Answer 44

young children with helath issue, immunocomprised and older people with lung and heart issues

Question 45

RSV commonly has what?

Answer 45

re-infection