informal saqs

Question 1

phonological patterning

Answer 1

sounds and their organisation

used for fun, express creativity, capture/maintain attention

alliteration
assonance
consonance
onomatopoeia
rhythym
rhyme

Question 2

alliteration

Answer 2

phonological patterning
repetition of phonemes at the beggining of words
eg. Pretty Practical Pants

Question 3

assonance

Answer 3

phonological patterning

repetition of vowel phonemes across phrases clauses or sentences
eg. flEEt of jEEps drove through the strEEts

Question 4

consonance

Answer 4

phonological patternig

repetition of consonant phonemes

eg. beeS in treeS buZZed w/ eaSe

Question 5

onomatopoeia

Answer 5

phonological patterning

process by which evocative words created from sounds they represent eg. Squawked, rustle

Question 6

rhythm

Answer 6

phonological patterning

when intonation of set of words is repeated across two/more phrase, sentence etc.

Question 7

rhyme

Answer 7

phonological patterning

repetition of similair phonemes at the ends of two or more words

cake and fake

Question 8

P&I : intimacy

Answer 8

sense of closeness, familiarity and personal connection

colloquialisms + slang establishes shared understanding, first names + pronouns ‘you’ and ‘i’ = sense of closeness

Question 9

P&I: solidarity

Answer 9

creating sense of unity or shared purpose w/in a group of people

encouraging words and phrases eg. “we got this.” “go team” = unity

“we” “us” = shared identity

language used only in specific group = solidarity eg. song lyrics joke in group of fans of specific musician = reiterate common interest

Question 10

P&I: equality

Answer 10

all participants are equals regardless social status, role/power.

colloquial lang/slang - dont differentiate b/w social classes/authority levels

“we” “us” “our” = shared identity, despite difference in social status

casual interrogatives to ask for opinion eg. whatd ya think - affirm value of every participants input

first names - ignore social hierarchies = mutual respect

Question 11

positive politeness

Answer 11

relaxed n conversational style of lang, aim to =pleasant experience for all participants

inclusive lang
compliments
humour
showing interest
emphasising similarities eg. we BOTH know …

Question 12

negative politeness

Answer 12

softens impact of lang, reduces potential imposition on the audience. relaxed/friendly delivery = diminishes perceived social distance between participants

hedging eg. “im not entirely sure, but ……”
being indirect eg. seems like
using low modality verbs eg. can, could
apologising eg. sorry..about mess”

Question 13

promoting social harmony

Answer 13

using lang to avoid conflict, respect others
eg. i get what you’re saying but…, nicknames,

Question 14

negotiating social taboos

Answer 14

navigating topics that are often considered sensitive or avoided

Question 15

building rapport

Answer 15

forging positive relationship, understand feelings/ideas, = deepr connectons

Question 16

supporting in-group membership

Answer 16

specific slang promote in group membership through shared understanding within a social group

informal lang minimise social distance n hierarchies = equality = belonging

Question 17

syntactic patterning

Answer 17

create memorable pieces of text, capture attention while reinforcing meaning/understanding
parallelism
antithesis
listing

Question 18

parallelism

Answer 18

syntactic patterning
repetition of grammatical structures two or more times eg. work hard, stay focused (verb + adj repeated structure)

Question 19

antithesis

Answer 19

syntactic patterning
presentation of two contrasting ideas near one another in parallel structures - create balance n emphasise this contrast

eg. it was the BEST of times, it was teh WORST of times

Question 20

listing

Answer 20

syntactic patterning
often introduced by colon then seperated by commas/semicolons

Question 21

cohesion

Answer 21

linking words together to create meaning
= audience can easilly follow whats happening

created thru

lexical choice, ellipses, repetition, substitution, collocation, adverbials, conjunctions, information flow, reference

Question 22

lexical choice

Answer 22

cohesion
synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, hypernymy

Question 23

synonymy

Answer 23

lexical choice - cohesion

using words that are equivalent or very similar in meaning
eg. choice, selection, and preference

Question 24

antonymy

Answer 24

lexical choice - cohesion

words opposite in meaning
unifies words even though they are opposite = able to contrast / compare

eg. they have always been hot and cold

Question 25

hyponymy and hypernymy

Answer 25

cohesion hyponym - word that belongs to a larger category of terms (hypernymy) avoid repetition clear semantic links between terms = cohesion eg. cat hyponym of animal hypernym, ragdoll hyponym of cat hypernym

Question 26

ellipses

Answer 26

cohesion (not syntactic) omission of words or phrases eg. lauren first went to school then ("lauren went" =removed to avoid repetition) home right after

Question 27

repetition

Answer 27

cohesion using same word throughout a text to reiterate an idea or topic (can have inflectional modification) TB eg. she loved reading books. she liked the smell of the books paper. she embraced being bookish

Question 28

substitution

Answer 28

cohesion when alternative words/phrases used in place of original. reduce unnecessary repetition eg. Jonas met (Daniel Andrews). (the former premier) shook his hand.

Question 29

collocation

Answer 29

cohesion words that typically appear next to or very near each other - allow readers to predict next word eg. do you like (strong) or (weak) tea

Question 30

adverbials

Answer 30

cohesion provide information often in relation to time/place/manner. also = signposts (firstly), (immediately) followed by, and (finally)

Question 31

coordinating conjunctions

Answer 31

cohesion join words/phrases together to allow for additions and comparisions "and", "but", "or", "so", "for", "yet"

Question 32

subordinating conjunctions

Answer 32

cohesion place relationship b/w ideas in context of time an space or cause/effect "although" "after" "because"

Question 33

front focus

Answer 33

cohesion potato cakes, i like potato cakes appears before the subject = emphasize important info

Question 34

clefting

Answer 34

cohesion IT is potato cakes that i like eating = it cleft put emphasis on potato cakes

Question 35

anaphoric reference

Answer 35

cohesion when author/speaker refers to something previously mentioned by using pronouns or other reffering expresrsions eg. i gave peri (her) coat as (she) had left (it) behind avoid repetition

Question 36

Coherence

Answer 36

logical/meaningful organisation of text = clear message w/ smooth transitions. understanding FLICC formatting logical ordering inference cohesion consistency and conventions

Question 37

inference

Answer 37

cohrence draw conclusions beyond what is written thru our own reasoning and cultural/social understanding eg. the road was wet and there were tyre marks on ground (likely that car had skidded on road)

Question 38

logical ordering

Answer 38

coherence arrange info in way to maximise understanding - chronological (time occured) - sequential (series of steps) - categorical (topic)

Question 39

formatting

Answer 39

font style, headings, subheadings, lists, - give prominence to more important elements of a text eg. large headings read before smaller text

Question 40

consistency

Answer 40

coherence similar concepts referred to in same way throughout the text w/o variation eg. consistent domain, formatting unified presentation = coherence

Question 41

conventions

Answer 41

coherence expectations for structure text eg. recipe format helps reader follow text n understand meaning and engage in content in familiar way