Information Systems and Data Management

Question 1

What does dynamic scaling allow

Answer 1

It allows the cloud infrastructure to adapt and allocate resources based on demand. During peak hours, it ensures that the website can handle increased traffic effectively.

Question 2

What does data transformation mean

Answer 2

Converts data from various sources into a common format and ensures consistency and compatibility.

Question 3

What does data collection mean

Answer 3

The step where data is gathered but does not inherently ensure data consistency or compatibility.

Question 4

What does data validation mean

Answer 4

Comes after data transformation and checks data quality but is not primarily focused on data consistency.

Question 5

What does data analysis mean

Answer 5

Involves deriving insights from data but is not primarily about ensuring data consistency or compatibility.

Question 6

What are the primary purposes of information systems in a business?

Answer 6

Support business operations, facilitate decision-making, and provide competitive advantage.

Question 7

Name the types of information systems commonly used in organizations.

Answer 7

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Management Information Systems (MIS), Decision Support Systems (DSS), Executive Information Systems (EIS).

Question 8

What are the main components of an information system?

Answer 8

Hardware, software, data, people, procedures, and networks.

Question 9

What are general controls in information systems?

Answer 9

Security management, access controls, and software development controls.

Question 10

Define application controls in the context of information systems.

Answer 10

Controls that ensure the accuracy, completeness, and validity of data processing, including input, processing, and output controls.

Question 11

What are the three main principles of information security?

Answer 11

Confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Question 12

What is the purpose of a firewall in information security?

Answer 12

To protect a network by controlling incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

Question 13

What is COBIT, and why is it important in IT governance?

Answer 13

COBIT (Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies) is a framework for developing, implementing, monitoring, and improving IT governance and management practices.

Question 14

Describe the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC).

Answer 14

A process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system, typically involving phases such as planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance.

Question 15

What are the benefits and risks associated with cloud computing?

Answer 15

Benefits include scalability, cost-efficiency, and accessibility. Risks involve data security, privacy concerns, and potential downtime.

Question 16

What is the role of an IT audit?

Answer 16

To evaluate the controls, policies, and procedures of an organization’s IT systems to ensure data integrity, security, and alignment with business objectives.

Question 17

What are CAATs in the context of IT audits?

Answer 17

Computer-Assisted Audit Techniques, which are tools used by auditors to analyze large volumes of data efficiently.

Question 18

Describe IaaS (Infrastructure as a service)

Answer 18

provides the basic building blocks for cloud IT and typically provides access to IT assets from a cloud provider who charges on a pay-as-you-go basis.

Question 19

Describe PaaS (Platform as a service)

Answer 19

refers to cloud computing services that supply an on-demand environment for developing, testing, delivering, and managing software applications, allowing developers to focus on creating and delivering those applications rather than worrying about resource procurement, capacity planning, software maintenance, or infrastructure management.

Question 20

Describe SaaS (Software as a service)

Answer 20

delivers software applications over the internet, on demand, and typically on a subscription basis. With SaaS, cloud providers host and manage the software application and underlying infrastructure and handle maintenance, like software upgrades and security patching. Users connect to the application over the internet, usually with a web browser on their phone, tablet, or PC (personal computer).

Question 21

What is a warm site?

Answer 21

A warm site has telecommunications ready to be utilized and has partially configured IT infrastructure with network connections and essential peripheral equipment such as disk drives.

Question 22

What is a cold site?

Answer 22

A cold site is an empty shell facility equipped with environmental controls (e.g., heat, air conditioning) and electrical power.

Question 23

What is a hot site?

Answer 23

A hot site is a fully equipped facility ready to operate quickly.

Question 24

What database model is depicted using blocks and arrows?

Answer 24

Network data model

Question 25

What does a relational database model consist of?

Answer 25

consists of columns equal to data elements in a conventional file and rows equal to data records in a traditional file, represented in a table.

Question 26

What does an object-oriented database management system consist of?

Answer 26

contains objects which are basic entities that have data structures and operations. Every object has an object ID that is a unique, system-provided identifier. Classes describe generic object types.

Question 27

What does database reorganization do?

Answer 27

eliminates unused space between the valid records as a result of a deletion of some records.

Question 28

What does database restructuring involve?

Answer 28

Database restructuring involves performing logical and physical changes.

Question 29

What is the purpose of using performance reporting tools?

Answer 29

to maintain database efficiency.

Question 30

Job stream checkpoints are used for what?

Answer 30

to minimize data loss and to recover data after a system failure.

Question 31

What is a metadata repository?

Answer 31

A metadata repository is a data repository that catalogues and documents information about data assets. It contains information about the source of data, how it was captured, data definitions, and other relevant details.

Question 32

In SQL, what is the 'HAVING' clause used for?

Answer 32

The "HAVING" clause is used to filter grouped data based on aggregation conditions after aggregation has taken place. It allows you to filter results based on aggregate values, making it especially useful in scenarios involving aggregate functions like SUM, COUNT, or AVG.

Question 33

In SQL, what is the 'GROUP BY' clause used for?

Answer 33

The "GROUP BY" clause is used for grouping data, not for filtering data after aggregation.

Question 34

In SQL, what is the 'SELECT' clause used for?

Answer 34

The "SELECT" clause specifies the columns to retrieve but is not primarily focused on filtering data based on aggregate values.

Question 35

In SQL, what is the 'FROM' clause used for?

Answer 35

The "FROM" clause identifies the tables or views from which data is retrieved but is not used for filtering data after aggregation.