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Information Technology Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Attributes of Paper vs. Electronic Systems

A 
Difficulty of alteration
Prima facie credibility
Completeness of documents
Evidence of approvals
Ease of use
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2
Q

Benefits of IT

A 
Consistency
Timeliness
Analysis
Monitoring
Circumvention
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3
Q

Risks of IT

A 
Overreliance
Access
Changes in programs
Failure to change
Manual intervention
Loss of data
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4
Q

Systems Design and Process Improvement (PADDTIM)

A 
Planning
Analysis
Design
Development 
Testing
Implementation
Maintenance
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5
Q

CPU

A

The principal hardware component that processes programs

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6
Q

Memory

A

The internal storage space or online storage, often referred to as random access memory

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7
Q

Offline storage

A

Devices used to store data or programs externally, including floppy disks, magnetic tape, digital video discs, and compact disks

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8
Q

File server

A

A computer with large internal memory used to store programs and data that should be accessed by all workstations in the network

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9
Q

Supercomputer

A

Common for massive scale needs by science and math departments of universities and large governmental operations

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10
Q

Mainframe computers

A

Until recently, often the only computer a large org might have, with several terminals having the ability to connect to it simultaneously

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11
Q

Minicomputers

A

Less specie alternative to mainframes used by smaller orgs as their primary computer with accessibility through multiple terminals

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12
Q

Microcomputers

A

Personal computers designed for use by a single individual, including desktops and laptops

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13
Q

Personal digital assistants

A

Handheld computers with limited processing capabilities that normally emphasize easy connection and transfer of data with the primary microcomputer used by an individual

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14
Q

Magnetic tape

A

inexpensive form of storage used primarily for backup, since only sequential access of data is possible

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15
Q

Magnetic disks

A

Permanent storage devices inside a computer that allow random access to data without the need to move forward or backward through all intervening data.

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16
Q

Removable disks

A

Transportable forms of storage i.e CD, DVD

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17
Q

System software

A

made up of the programs that run the system and direct its operations

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18
Q

Utility programs

A

used to sort, merges, and other routine functions to maintain and improve the efficiency of a computer system

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19
Q

Communication software

A

handles transmission of data between different computers

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20
Q

Source program

A

language written by the programmer

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21
Q

Object program

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A

form the machine understands i.e. on-off or 1-0

22
Q

Compiler

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A

program that converts source programs into machine language

23
Q

Transaction processing systems

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A

general record keeping and reporting needs

24
Q

Management information system

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A

provides info to management, which may utilize in its decision making

25
Decision support system
combines models and data t help in problem solving but with extensive user interpretation needed
26
Expert system
uses reasoning methods and data to render advice and recommendations in structured situations where human interpretation isn't necessary
27
Executive information system
system designed specifically to support executive work
28
What are the two primary approaches to processing
Batch and online
29
Electronic data interchange (EDI)
communication without the use of paper electronic funds transfer and sales over the internet simplification of the recording process using scanning devices sending information to trading partners as transactions occur
30
Risks of E-commerce
Improper use of Info Improper distribution of transactions Reduction in paper audit trail
31
Local area network
computers are physically near one another
32
Wide area network
high speed, long distance communication networks or satellites to connect computers that are not near
33
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
language commonly understood by different computers to communicate via the internet
34
Virus
a program that requests a computer to perform an activity that is not authorized by the user
35
Worm
program that duplicates itself over a network so as to infect many computers with viruses
36
What does COBIT stand for?
Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology
37
What is COBIT?
It is a framework for integrating IT with business strategy and governnae
38
What are the 5 principles of COBIT?
``` Meeting stakeholder needs Covering the enterprise end to end Applying a single integrated framework Enabling a holistic approach Separating governane from management ```
39
Systems Analyst
designs the info system using systems flowcharts and other tools and prepares specifications for applications programmers
40
Application programmer
writes, tests and debugs programs that will be used in the system. They also develop instructions for operators to follow when running the program
41
Database administrator
plans and administers the database to make certain that only appropriate individuals have access to information in it
42
Data entry clerk
coverts data into computer readable form
43
Computer operator
runs the programs of the computer
44
Program and file librarians
responsible for the custody of computer programs, master files, transaction files and other records
45
Data control
responsible for reviewing and resting input procedures, monitoring processing and reviewing and distributing outputs
46
Telecommunications
responsible for maintaining and enhancing computer networks and network connections
47
Systems programmer
responsible for updating and maintaining the operating systems
48
Security administration
responsible for security of the system including control of access and maintenance of user passwords
49
The objectives of controls in an IT environment are:
``` completeness accuracy validity authorization timeliness integrity ```
50
Hot site
location that includes a computer system that is already configured similarly to the system regularly used by the company, allowing for immediate use
51
Cold site
location where power and space are available allowing for the installation of processing equipment on short notice

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