Information Technology Flashcards
(30 cards)
Executive Support System
An executive support system assists a company’s management with making non-routine decisions, helps analyze competitor activity, and identifies activities and acquisitions that might protect the company from cyclical business swings.
Enterprise Resource Planning System
ERP system integrates all functional areas within an organization to allow information exchange and collaboration among all parties involved in business operations. Consequently, responsiveness and flexibility is increased in an ERP system since all modules are intricately connected and share data simultaneously.
Accounting Information System
An accounting information system is a transaction processing system that provides information to management for use in measuring, planning, and controlling an entity’s activities. AIS use historical and budgeted amounts, usually financial.
Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)
EFT allows for a reduction in the frequency of data entry errors.
Data is entered only once. Further processing is done electronically.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
EDI is an electronic communication system which allows businesses, (also called trading partners) or entities, to exchange data. An advantage of this system is the speediness of completing transactions.
EDI is used to monitor inventory levels and trigger automatic restocking.
Components of a Local Area Network (LAN)
An LAN is a network of computers within a small area to transmit information among network members. It requires a means of transmission.
It is a system that connects computers and other devices in a limited physical area, typically within the same building.
Value Added Network (VAN)
A VAN is a network service that provides additional services beyond mere connections to the internet, particularly services enabling EDI, including increased security.
Systems Programmers
A systems programmer normally programs operating systems, installs, upgrades, and compilers.
Data Analytics
Date analytics can:
- help mitigate predictable losses through effective strategy. Internal/external auditors use data analytics to enable continuous auditing and monitoring.
- Professionals can analyze full data sets to make business decisions for their companies.
- Lastly, a tax professional could spot trends over time using effective tax rates and income to make informed decisions about a client’s returns at year end.
What is a time-sharing center?
A time-sharing center has a computer remotely accessed by a number of different users, who are unaware of each other.
Sequential access storage
When sequential access storage is used, having transactions in the same order as the master file significantly expedites the updating process, particularly when the activity ratio is high.
What is an Initial Coin Offering (ICO)
ICOs are much like IPOs in that they help finance companies. ICOs help finance blockchain technology companies. They are many cryptocurrencies available, is not traded on the NYSE, and the decentralized nature of blockchain makes it a challenge for central authorities to oversee and manage ICOs.
What is a query utility program?
A query utility program generally is used for one-time database inquiries.
Cloud
Cloud relies on sharing resources, is very secure, and leads to economies of scale. It is not self-sustaining which requires managed resources. It is a done online via 3rd parties and leads to fewer IT resources.
What is an ad hoc report?
It is a non-standardized report composed when the need arises, typically for limited use.
What concerns are unique to Software-as-a-Service platform?
- Ownership of data processed in SaaS, as to who will own the data created and stored in the cloud (client or the SaaS provider).
- The cost of moving system(s) and related data to the cloud (via internet or a physical device).
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Decision support systems are used primarily for semi-structured problems requiring the exercise of judgment. DSS facilitates problem-solving by providing computational capacity and data for use in interactive models. DSS supports decisions.
Executive Information System(EIS)
An expert system is based on the rules developed by an expert to address specified situations. An EIS system focuses on long-range objectives. It provides summary financial and non-financial information from other systems about critical success factors so that top management can develop solutions that may contain considerable innovation. EIS is also appropriate for both mainframes and personal computer networks.
A management reporting software package that enables members to interactively query a date warehouse and drill down into transactions to trend the information is performing financial analysis and is a what?
An on-line analytical processing system.
Which phase poses the greatest threat when upgrading an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system
Errors found during implementation are much more costly than during early phases of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) including requirement determination, development, unit testing, etc. During implementation, much of the code has already been written and tested, and is ready to go live.
What is a knowledge-based system?
An Expert of Knowledge-based system provides answers based on information provided by the user and rules developed by an expert to address specified situations.
System Flowcharts
A system flowchart is an illustration of a system’s date flow and information processing, including hardware.
What are the main components of a central processing unit (CPU)?
The CPU is composed of an arithmetic-logic unit, a control unit, and primary memory
What is Job Control Language(JCL)?
JCL is a command language that launches applications, specifying priorities, program sizes, running sequences, databases used and files used.
