Infusion Therapy

Question 1

Isotonic

Answer 1

fluid outside and inside the cell are equal

Question 2

HYPERtonic
What can happen to the cell?

Answer 2

Fluid outside the cell is GREATER than inside
Cell will shrink

“Enter the vessel from the cell”

Question 3

HYPOtonic
what can happen?

Answer 3

Fluid outside the cell in LESS than inside
cell will swell

“Go Out of the vessel and into the cell”

Question 4

What are 3 isotonic fluids?

Answer 4

0.9 NS
LR
D5W

Question 5

Phlebitis

Answer 5

inflammation of the vein

Question 6

Infiltration

Answer 6

IV solution leaks into surrounding tissues

Question 7

Extravasation

Answer 7

tissue damage due to leaking of IV VESICANTS

Question 8

What are Vesicants? What are some examples?

Answer 8

Chemicals that damage body tissues on direct contact
Ex: Vanco, Chemo, amiodarone

Question 9

Vascular Access Device (VAD)

Answer 9

Encompasses ANY plastic tube (catheter) in vein to deliver fluids and or meds

Question 10

What are midline catheters?

Answer 10

double or single lumen inserted in vein of antecubital fossa

Question 11

What are the indications of a midline iv?

Answer 11

poor skin integrity
limited peripheral veins
infusion therapy that lasts longer than 6-14 days

Question 12

Midline catheters should not be used for infusion of [blank] drugs.

Answer 12

Vesicants

Question 13

What NOT to do with midline catheters

Answer 13

draw blood
parenteral feedings greater than 600 osmolarity
administer incompatible drugs

Question 14

What is a Central IV?

Answer 14

Any VAD placed in superior vena cava

Question 15

What is a PICC?

Answer 15

Peripherally inserted central catheter
inserted thru antecubital fossa to superior vena cava

Question 16

What is a PICC used for?

Answer 16

No limitations
TPN, chemo, vasopressors, and antibiotics

Question 17

Patient education for a PICC

Answer 17

Perform normal ADL’s
no excessive activity
no heavy lifting

Question 18

CRBSI prevention bundle

Answer 18

proper aseptic hand hygiene
measuring arm circumference
barrier precautions on insertion
chlorhexidine skin antisepsis
avoid femoral vein
daily review of necessity of line

Question 19

CLABSI

Answer 19

Central line-associated bloodstream infection

Question 20

CRBSI

Answer 20

Catheter-related bloodstream infection

Question 21

Nontunneled central venous catheters and usage

Answer 21

inserted thru subclavian vein or jugular vein
with catheter exiting the skin

used for trauma, emergency, critical care or surgery

Question 22

Tunneled CVC

Answer 22

catheter that is placed thru a “skin tunnel” into the vein (SVC)

Question 23

Implanted ports care

Answer 23

flush after each use once a month
use a 10 ml syringe with heparin or NS

Question 24

What do you do before using implanted port?

Answer 24

check for blood return

Question 25

How do you access implanted ports?

Answer 25

puncture of skin

Question 26

interventions for infiltration

Answer 26

stop infusion
elevate
warm compress