Ingredients,chemistry,skin care products and selection

Question 1

Berry rich in antioxidants, vitamins A,B,C, and E; protects,replenishes; helps heal damaged skin

Answer 1

Açaí berry

Question 2

Surfactants that cause oil and water to mix and form an emulsion; an ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable blend

Answer 2

Emulsifiers

Question 3

As defined by the U.S. food and drug administration(FDA): articles that are intended to be rubbed,poured,sprinkled, or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for cleansing,beautifying,promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance

Answer 3

Cosmetics

Question 4

Products with chemical agents used to dissolve dead skin cells and the intercellular matrix,or “ glue”, that holds them together ( desmosomes)

Answer 4

Chemical exfoliants

Question 5

Therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils for beauty and health treatment purposes; involves the use of highly concentrated,non oily, and volatile essential oils to induce such reactions as relaxation and invigoration,or to simply create a pleasant fragrance during a service

Answer 5

Aromatherapy

Question 6

Mineral physical sunscreen ingredient that reflects UVA and UVB rays; also used to protect,soothe, and heal the skin; is somewhat astringent,antiseptic, and anti microbial

Answer 6

Zinc oxide

Question 7

A product that is labeled vegan should not contain any animal ingredients or animal by products

Answer 7

Vegan

Question 8

Extracted from the bark of the hamanelis shrub; can be a soothing agent or,in higher concentrations, an astringent

Answer 8

Witch hazel

Question 9

Spreading agents and ingredients that carry or deliver other ingredients into the skin and make them more effective

Answer 9

Vehicles

Question 10

Mixable with water

Answer 10

Water soluble

Question 11

Properties include enhancing the penetrative abilities of other substances; anti inflammatory,antiseptic, and deodorizing action that protects the skin’s surface and helps maintain healthy skin

Answer 11

Urea

Question 12

Seaweed derivatives such as algae have many nourishing properties; known for its humectant and moisturizing properties, vitamin content, metabolism stimulation and detoxification, and aiding skin firmness

Answer 12

Seaweed

Question 13

Chemical compounds formed by combining a number of small molecules ( monomers) into long chain like structures; advanced vehicles that release substances onto the skin’s surface at a microscopically controlled rate

Answer 13

Polymers

Question 14

All purpose preservative active against bacteria,mold, and yeast. Probably the greatest formaldehyde releaser among cosmetic preservatives; may cause dermatitis and allergies

Answer 14

Quaternium 15

Question 15

Abbreviated SPF; indicates the ability of a product to delay sun induced erythema,the visible sign of sun damage; the SPF rating is based only on UVB protection, not UVA exposure

Answer 15

Sun protection factor

Question 16

Products formulated to have no smell; because most ingredients in a formulation do have an odor,more ingredients have to be added to neutralize the smell

Answer 16

Unscented

Question 17

Plasticizers used in skin care formulas to moisturize and soften skin, and to dissolve or blend ingredients

Question 18

Ingredients derived from yeast cells that help strengthen the immune system and stimulate metabolism; hydrophilic and help preserve and protect collagen and elastin

Answer 18

Polyglucans

Question 19

Also known as fresheners or astringents; liquids designed to tone and tighten the skins surface

Answer 19

Toners

Question 20

Derived from plants to protect or stimulate our own skin stem cells; health and anti aging benefits

Answer 20

Plant stem cells

Question 21

Reduces the activity of oil glands and dissolves the skin’s surface layer of dry,dead cells; commonly used in acne products

Answer 21

Sulfur

Question 22

Chemical agents that inhibit the growth of microorganisms in cosmetic formulations; they kill bacteria and prevent products from spoiling

Answer 22

Preservatives

Question 23

Natural form of vitamin A; stimulates cell repair and helps to normalize skin cells by generating new cells

Question 24

Beta hydroxy acid with exfoliating and antiseptic properties; natural sources include sweet birch,willow bark, and wintergreen

Answer 24

Salicylic acid

Question 25

Concentrated liquid ingredients for the skin designed to penetrate and treat various skin conditions

Answer 25

Serums

Question 26

Baking soda; an alkaline inorganic salt used as a buffering agent,neutralizer, and pH adjuster

Answer 26

Sodium bicarbonate

Question 27

Emollient ingredient derived from petroleum sources

Answer 27

Petrolatum

Question 28

Acids or alkalis (bases) used adjust the pH of products

Answer 28

PH adjusters

Question 29

Derived from olives; desensitizes and nourishes; an emollient

Answer 29

Squalane

Question 30

Soothing and antiseptic; antifungal properties

Answer 30

Tea tree oil

Question 31

Inorganic physical sunscreen that reflects UV radiation

Answer 31

Titanium dioxide

Question 32

One of the most commonly used groups of preservatives in the cosmetic,pharmaceutical, and food industries; provide bacteriostatic and fungistatic activity against diverse organisms

Answer 32

Parabens

Question 33

Also known as pack or masque; concentrated treatment product often composed of herbs,vitamins, minerals clay,moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, beneficial extracts, and other beneficial ingredients to cleanse,exfoliate, tighten,tone,hydrate, and nourish and treat the skin

Answer 33

Mask

Question 34

One of the most frequently used preservatives because of its very low sensitizing potential; combats bacteria and molds; noncomedogenic

Answer 34

Methylparaben

Question 35

Chains of amino acids that stimulate fibroblasts,cell metabolism,collagen; improve skin’s firmness. Larger chains are called polypeptides

Answer 35

Peptides

Question 36

Mask used to warm the skin and promote penetration of ingredients through the heat trapped under the surface of the paraffin

Answer 36

Paraffin wax masks

Question 37

Closed lipid bilateral spheres that encapsulate ingredients,target their delivery to specific tissues of the skin, and control their release

Answer 37

Liposomes

Question 38

“Smell” receptors in the nose that communicate with parts of the brain that serve as storehouses for emotions and memories

Answer 38

Olfactory nerve

Question 39

Ingredients in cosmetic products that cause the actual changes in the appearance of the skin

Answer 39

Performance ingredients

Question 40

Also known as thermal masks or thermal heat masks; facial masks containing special crystals of gypsum, a plaster like ingredient

Answer 40

Modelage masks

Question 41

Derived from the oil palm tree; one of the fattiest and heaviest oils used as an emollient

Answer 41

Palm oil

Question 42

Term used to describe natural sourced ingredients that are grown without the use of pesticides or chemicals

Answer 42

Organic

Question 43

Colors that are organic,meaning they come from animal or plant extracts; they can also be natural mineral pigments

Answer 43

Noncertified colors

Question 44

Terms often used in marketing for skin care products and ingredients derived from natural sources

Answer 44

Natural,all natural

Question 45

Fats or fat like substances; lipids help repair and protect the barrier function of the skin

Answer 45

Lipids

Question 46

Anti- irritant used for sensitive skin; helps lighten pigmentation

Answer 46

Licorice

Question 47

Emollient ingredient derived from petroleum sources

Answer 47

Liquid paraffin

Question 48

Coats the skin and reduces friction; mineral oil is a lubricant

Answer 48

Lubricant

Question 49

Products used as a physical method of polishing dead cells off the skin

Answer 49

Mechanical exfoliants

Question 50

Lubricant derived from petroleum

Answer 50

Mineral oil

Question 51

Products formulated to add moisture to the skin

Answer 51

Moisturizers

Question 52

Compatible with oil

Answer 52

Oil soluble

Question 53

Natural enzyme used for exfoliation and in enzyme peels

Answer 53

Papaya

Question 54

Ingredients in cosmetic products that allow the products to spread,give them body and texture, and give them a specific form such as a lotion,cream, or gel; preservatives are also functional ingredients

Answer 54

Functional ingredients

Question 55

Formed by a decomposition of oils or fats; excellent skin softener and humectant; very strong water binder; sweet,colorless,oily substance used as a solvent and as a moisturizer in skin and body creams

Answer 55

Glycerin

Question 56

This term indicates that no additional ingredients have been added to a product to specifically provide a fragrance; however, it may already contain ingredients that have a scent

Answer 56

Fragrance free

Question 57

Hundreds of different herbs that contain phytohormones are used in skin care products and cosmetics; they heal,stimulate,soothe, and moisturize

Answer 57

Herbs

Question 58

Toners,skin freshening lotions, and liquids applied after cleansing to soothe and hydrate

Answer 58

Fresheners

Question 59

Skin conditioning agents derived from carbohydrates and proteins that enhance cellular metabolism and wound healing

Answer 59

Glycoproteins

Question 60

Powerful antioxidant and soothing agents; antibacterial, anti inflammatory, skin brightening, and a stimulant

Answer 60

Green tea

Question 61

Substances from plants such as chamomile,aloe,plant stem cells, and botanical oils that help to heal the skin

Answer 61

Healing botanicals

Question 62

Ingredients that attract water; humectants draw moisture to the skin and soften its surface, diminishing lines caused by dehydration

Answer 62

Humectants

Question 63

Oil widely used in cosmetics;extracted from the bean like seeds of a desert shrub; used as a lubricant and noncomedogenic emollient and moisturizer

Answer 63

Jojoba

Question 64

Emollient with moisturizing properties; also,an emulsifier with high water absorption

Answer 64

Lanolin

Question 65

Antiallergenic,anti inflammatory,antiseptic,antibacterial,balancing,energizing,soothing, and healing

Answer 65

Lavender

Question 66

Skin brightening agent

Answer 66

Kojic acid

Question 67

Also known as roll off mask; enzyme exfoliating makes that are rubbed off the skin

Answer 67

Gommage

Question 68

Give products their scent

Answer 68

Fragrances

Question 69

Emollients produced from fatty acids and alcohols

Answer 69

Fatty esters

Question 70

Emollients; fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen

Answer 70

Fatty alcohols

Question 71

Derived from hemp seed,very light botanical oil used as an emollient

Answer 71

Hemp seed oil

Question 72

Ingredients that attract water to the skin’s surface

Answer 72

Hydrators

Question 73

Ingredients that attract water to the skins surface

Answer 73

Hydrophilic agents

Question 74

Refers to ingredients or products that may be less likely to cause allergic reactions

Answer 74

Hypoallergenic

Question 75

Agent that causes exfoliation,or sloughing, of skin cells

Answer 75

Keratolytic

Question 76

Insoluble pigments made by combining a dye with an inorganic material

Answer 76

Lakes

Question 77

Oils derived from herbs; have many different properties and effects on the skin and psyche

Answer 77

Essential oils

Question 78

Term used to describe high quality products or ingredients intended to improve the skin’s health and appearance

Answer 78

Cosmeceutical

Question 79

Oil absorbing purifying masks made with a clay base( such as kaolin or bentonite) that draw impurities to the surface of the skin as they dry and tighten

Answer 79

Clay masks

Question 80

Term used to describe products that are not tested on animals at any stage of the production process; nor are any of its ingredients tested on animals

Answer 80

Cruelty free

Question 81

Emollients; lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats

Answer 81

Fatty acids

Question 82

Derived from coconut,one of the fattiest and heaviest oils used as an emollient

Answer 82

Coconut oil

Question 83

Provide gentle exfoliation and dissolve keratin proteins within dead skin cells on the surface

Answer 83

Enzymes (for exfoliations)

Question 84

A chemical added to cosmetics to improve the efficiency of the preservative

Answer 84

Chelating agents

Question 85

Powerful antioxidant that protects and revitalizes skin cells

Answer 85

Coenzyme Q10

Question 86

Substances such as vegetable,pigment,or mineral dyes that give products color

Answer 86

Color agents

Question 87

Soap or detergent that cleans the skin

Answer 87

Cleanser

Question 88

Systems that deliver ingredients to specific tissues of the epidermis

Answer 88

Delivery systems

Question 89

Type of surfactant used as cleanser in skin cleansing products

Answer 89

Detergents

Question 90

Oil or fatty ingredients that lubricant,moisturize, and prevent water loss

Answer 90

Emollients

Question 91

Mechanical and chemical products or processes used to exfoliate the skin

Answer 91

Exfoliants

Question 92

Peeling or sloughing of the outer layer of skin

Answer 92

Exfoliation

Question 93

Plant extract with calming and soothing properties

Answer 93

Chamomile

Question 94

Often seaweed based mask applied after a serum or treatment cream. They come in powder form and are mixed with water or serums, and dry to form a rubberized texture

Answer 94

Alginate

Question 95

Abbreviated AHAH; derived naturally from various plant sources and from milk; used for improving signs of aging,dry skin, and an uneven skin tone

Answer 95

Alpha hydroxy acids

Question 96

Antiseptic and solvent used in perfumes,lotions, and astringents; specially denatured(SD) alcohol is a mixture of ethanol with a denaturing agent

Answer 96

Alcohol

Question 97

Derived from the chamomile plant and characterized by its deep blue color; has anti inflammatory and soothing properties

Answer 97

Azulene

Question 98

Inorganic color agents also known as metal salts; listed on ingredient labels as D&C ( drug and cosmetic)

Answer 98

Certified colors

Question 99

Seaweed derivatives used as thickening agents,water binding agents, and antioxidants also nourishes the skin with vitamins and minerals

Answer 99

Algae

Question 100

Small, sealed vial containing a single application of highly concentrated serum of extracts in water or oil base

Answer 100

Ampoules

Question 101

Abbreviated BHAS; exfoliating organic acid; salicylic acid; milder than alpha hydroxy acids ( AHAS); BHAS dissolve oil and are beneficial for oily skin

Answer 101

Beta hydroxy acids

Question 102

Ingredients used in anti aging cosmetics to help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by stimulating the formation of collagen

Answer 102

Beta glucans

Question 103

Derived from the root of the comfrey plant,helps to soften and protect while actively soothing skin

Answer 103

Allantoin

Question 104

Derived from the kernels of the argan tree; very light botanical oil used as an emollient

Answer 104

Argan oil

Question 105

Ingredient with antibacterial properties commonly used to treat inflamed acne lesions

Answer 105

Benzoyl peroxide

Question 106

Popular botanical used in cosmetic formulations; emollient and humectant with hydrating,softening,healing, anti microbial, and anti inflammatory properties

Answer 106

Aloe Vera

Question 107

A natural molecule found in every cell in the body it is a powerful antioxidant and is soluble in water and oil

Answer 107

Alpha lipoic acid

Question 108

Ingredients used to thicken cream frequently used in gel products

Answer 108

Carbomers

Question 109

Describes products that do not contain any water

Answer 109

Anhydrous

Question 110

Also called toners, these liquids help remove excess oil on the skin

Answer 110

Astringents

Question 111

Ingredients derived from plants

Answer 111

Botanicals

Question 112

Anti inflammatory plant extract

Answer 112

Calendula