Inheritance Flashcards
What is a genome
The entire DNA of an organism
What is a gene
A section of a molecule of DNA that codes for a specific protein (characteristic
What is inside the nucleus of a cell?
Contains DNA arranged in chromosomes which contains genes/genetic material
What are alleles
Different variants of the same gene
How many chromosomes do you receive from each parent?
23- each chromosome pair contains one from your mother and one from your father
Give an example of genotypes
TT (dominant), Tt ( dominant) or tt (recessive)
What is the difference between a phenotype and a genotype?
A genotype is an organism’s complete set of genetic material, whereas a phenotype is an individual’s set of observable characteristics RESULTING from the genotype`
What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?
Homozygous= having 2 identical alleles of a gene
Heterozygous=having inherited different alleles of the same gene from each parent
What is an example of a dominant gene?
If the alleles of a gene are different, the one that is expressed is the dominant. The one masked is the recessive
What is the meaning of a mutation?
A rare, random change in a genetic material
True or False; Genetic mutations can be inherited?
True!
What is the diploid number of chromosomes in a human?
46
Name 3 differences between asexual v sexual reproduction?
- Asexual reproduction only invloves one parent, sexual involves two
- In asexual reproduction, the offspring is a clone of its parent (the only variation that could happen is from mutation) In sexual reproduction, mixing of genetics means there is variation
- In asexual reproduction, offspring are produced by mitosis; in sexual reproduction offspring are produced from the fusion of two haploid gametes
