Inheritance of sex-linked genes and non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance

Question 1

What are sex-linked genes?

Answer 1

Genes found on a sex chromosome

Question 2

What are called the genes found on a X-chromosome? What about on Y?

Answer 2

X-linked
Y-linked

Question 3

What sex chromosomes gives a male for mammals? And a female?
What about for birds and reptiles?

Answer 3

XY -> Male
XX -> Female

ZZ -> Male
ZW -> Female

Question 4

What are the four common non-Mendelian patterns of inheritance

Answer 4

1. Incomplete dominance
2. Codominance
3. Polygenic inheritance
4. Pleitrophy

Question 5

What is incomplete codominance?

Answer 5

When neither allele is able to completely mask the phenotype encoded by the other

Heterozygote display a phenotype that is a bend or average of the phenotypes encoded by each genes

Question 6

what is codominance?

Answer 6

When the phenotype of both alleles show through **simulatneously **in heterozygote

Question 7

What is polygenic inheritance?

Answer 7

When more than one gene contributes towards the same phenotype
These phenotypes are the most likely to be influenced by the environment

Question 8

What is an example of polygenic inheritance?

Answer 8

Epistasis.
When one gene can completly mask the effects of another gene

Careful: not the same as dominance

Question 9

What is pleitropy

Answer 9

When one gene contributes towards many different phenotypes