Inheritance Patterns And Human Genetics

Question 1

Drosophila

Answer 1

Fruit flies, red eyes, only 4 pairs of chromosomes

Question 2

XX

Answer 2

Female

Question 3

XY

Answer 3

Male

Question 4

Sex linked traits

Answer 4

Genes on sex chromosomes

Question 5

X linked traits

Answer 5

On X chromosomes, males show because they only have one gene, hemophilia

Question 6

Y linked traits

Answer 6

Y chromosomes

Question 7

Linkage group

Answer 7

Genes on same chromosomes tend to be inherited together

Question 8

Explain linkage group

Answer 8

Crossing over separates linkage

The farther the traits are apart on the same chromosomes the greater the probability of crossing over

Question 9

Chromosome maps

Answer 9

Diagram showing where genes are on a chromosome

Question 10

Mutation

Answer 10

Change in DNA caused by viruses, chemical, or UV radiation

Question 11

Germ cells

Answer 11

Occurs in gametes, so effects egg and sperm, sex cells, offspring is effected

Question 12

Somatic cell

Answer 12

Body cells, person is effected

Example: cancer

Question 13

Lethal

Answer 13

Death caused

Question 14

Beneficial

Answer 14

Better chance of survival

Question 15

Chromosomal mutation

Answer 15

Loss/change

Question 16

Deletion (chromosomal mutation)

Answer 16

Missing of information due to breakages in chromosomes, tetrade

Question 17

Inversion (chromosomal mutation)

Answer 17

Flips around and reattaches, messes with genetic code

Question 18

Translocation

Answer 18

Twisting/breaking attaches to something different

Question 19

Non- disjunction

Answer 19

Chromosomes fail to seperate fro its homologue

Question 20

Gene mutation

Answer 20

Smallest, involves a segment of DNA

Question 21

Point mutation

Answer 21

One gene

Question 22

Frame shift

Answer 22

Shifts position adds nucleotide

Question 23

Pedigree

Answer 23

Family inheritance in a diagram

Question 24

Carrier

Answer 24

Has trait but never shows it

Question 25

Genetic disorder

Answer 25

Diseases/disabilitating conditions in genes

Question 26

PKU

Answer 26

No enzyme for digestion, found in babies, lethal

Question 27

200 single alle dominant trait

Answer 27

Just one gene, huntingtons diesease

Question 28

250 single recessive

Answer 28

Sickle cell cystic fibrosis

Question 29

Genetic marke s

Answer 29

Marker that shows where unhealthy genes are

Question 30

Incomplete dominance

Answer 30

The dominant is not strong enough to mask recessive so recessive shows through

Question 31

Polygenetic

Answer 31

Many genes always have a degree of variation