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Module 13 Inherited Ocular Disease > Inherited Diseases Dogs > Flashcards

Inherited Diseases Dogs Flashcards

1
Q

From what age should gonioscopy be done?

A

12months

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2
Q

Microphthalmos in soft wheaten terriers is unusual in its inheritance?

A

Needs both mother and offspring to have the mutation

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3
Q

What is included in multiple ocular defects?

Which breeds?

A 
Microphthalmos
Cataract
Retinal dysplasia
Nystagmus 
Persistent pupillary membranes
*Cocker spaniels*
Cavalier King Charles spaniel 
Westies 
Golden retrievers
Border terriers
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4
Q

Where do persistent pupillary membranes arise from?

Breeds?

A

Iris collarette

Basenjis
Lancashire heelers
Cocker spaniels and pugs

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5
Q

Where are congenital cataracts positioned?

Progress?

Breed (1)

A

Nuclear +/- cortical

Rarely progress

Miniature schnauzer

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6
Q

Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous

Breed?

A

Dobermans

Staffies

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7
Q

What is happening in this Doberman’s eye?

A

Persistent hyperplastic tunica vasculosa lentis/ persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous

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8
Q

Which breeds do you see collie eye anomaly in?

What age is best to see this?

What is the pathognomonic sign?

What other sign is seen in ~1/3 dogs?

In merles this is harder to see, what should you look for?

A

Rough and smooth collies
Shetland sheepdog
Border collie
Lancashire heeler

6weeks

Choroidal hypoplasia lateral to the optic disc

Coloboma (optic disc/ peripapillary region)
Retinal detachments and intraocular haemorrhage less common

Odd direction of blood vessels

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9
Q

What is happening at the arrow?

Disease?

A

Choroidal hypoplasia

Collie eye anomaly

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10
Q

What is happening at the arrow?
And to the RHS of it?
Disease?

A

Coloboma

Choroidal hypoplasia

Collie eye anomaly

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11
Q

Is retinal dysplasia congenital or acquired?

Which form is more common;

  • Multifocal retinal dysplasia
  • total retinal dysplasia

What age can this be detected?

Affect on vision?

Breeds?

A

Congenital

Multifocal retinal dysplasia

6weeks

MRD- Minimal but if retinal detachment can go blind
TRD- Blind

MRD
English springer spaniel
Cavalier King Charles spaniel 
Rottweiler 
American cocker spaniel
Golden retriever 
Lab

TRD
Sealyham
Bedlington terrier

Samoyed + Lab (seen in USA with short limbed dwarfism)

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12
Q

What condition?

A

Multifocal retinal dysplasia

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13
Q

What condition?

A

Multifocal retinal dysplasia

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14
Q

Optic nerve hypoplasia

Breed?

Appearance?

Vision?

Uni/ bilateral?

A

Miniature and toy poodles

Optic disc small and dark, normal BVs and retina

Blind

Unilateral

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15
Q

What is the difference with micropapilla and optic nerve head hypoplasia?

A

ONH no vision, micropapilla vision present

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16
Q

Which breed is more common for primary angle glaucoma?

Test?

A

Petit basset griffon vendeen
(Also regular basset and shar Pei)

DNA
Angle normal until late in disease so screening not worth it

17
Q

When should you test for pectinate ligament abnormality?

How often?

What % of the PLA needs to be affected for an ‘AFFECTED’ dog?

A

From 6months

Every 3 years

> 75%

18
Q

Breeds for entropion?

A

Shar Pei
Chow chow
Lab
Spaniels

19
Q

Ectropion breeds?

A

Basset hounds
Cocker spaniels
Bloodhounds

20
Q

Diamond eye breeds?

A

Saint Bernard
Neopolitan and other mastiffs
Clumber spaniel

21
Q

Distichiasis breeds?

A

Cocker spaniels
Staffy
English bulldogs
Miniature long haired dachshunds

22
Q

Most common breed for ectopic cilia?

A

Flat coat retriever

23
Q

Breeds for corneal lipidosis?

A 
Cavalier King Charles spaniel 
Siberian huskies
Shetland sheepdogs
Rough collies
Golden retrievers
24
Q

Macular corneal dystrophy

Breed?

Uni/ bilateral?

Age?

Ulcerations?

Vision?

A

Lab

Bilateral

Young to middle age

White fluffy deposits in the anterior stroma then corneal oedema and vascularisation

No

Impaired

25
Q

When do inherited cataracts show?

Which breed shows a dominant inheritance of cataract?

A

Congenital or later on in life

Australian shepherd dog

26
Q

Which breeds get primary lens luxation?

What gene mutation?

A 
Jack Russell
Sealyham
Lancashire Heeler
Miniature bull terrier 
Fox terriers
Border collie

ADAMTS17

27
Q

What is the difference between vision in PRA and retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy?

A

Retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy doesn’t always lead to vision loss

28
Q

What causes general PRA?

What happens?

Breeds?

A

Either photoreceptor dysplasia or photoreceptor degeneration

Degeneration of the Retina and secondary cataract formation

Toy and miniature poodle
English cocker spaniel
Lab

29
Q

How many mutations have been discovered for gPRA in golden retrievers?

A

3

30
Q

How is vision affected in gPRA?

A

Poor night vision then loss of day vision

31
Q

What is seen ophthalmoscopically with gPRA?

A 
Tapetal hyper reflectivity 
Blood vessel attenuation 
Patchy pigmentation of the non tapetal fundus 
Optic atrophy
Total retinal degeneration
32
Q

Retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy/ centra PRA

What causes this?

Breed?

Age?

Vision?

Ophthalmoscopic signs?

A

Low vitamin E

Cocker spaniels

Young adults

Variable, sometimes affects central vision so see moving objects peripherally but bump in to table leg

Light brown lipopigment foci in tapetal fundus which enlarge and coalesce with irregular hyper reflective patches in between
Vascular attenuation
Optic atrophy

33
Q

Canine Multifocal retinopathy

Breed?

Age?

A

Great Pyrenees
Coton du tulear
Mastiff

Few months

NOT SEEN IN THE UK

34
Q

Which breed do you see congenital stationary night blindness/ cone degeneration in?

Vision?

Ophthalmoscopic changes?

A

Briard

Congenital Night blindness, day vision variable

Normal until 2-3y
Subtle tapetal hyper reflectivity
Grey focal opacities within the tapetum

35
Q

Which breed is cone degeneration seen in?

Signs?

Fundus

A

Alaskan malamute

Total blindness in daylight, normal night vision

No fundus changes

Module 13 Inherited Ocular Disease (2 decks)

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