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Funds II Lab > Injections > Flashcards

Injections Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

Risks of Needlestick Injury

A

hepatitis B or C viruses
HIV and AIDS
Other pathogens

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2
Q

what is a clean needle?

A

one that hasn’t been in a patient

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3
Q

What is a dirty needle?

A

been in patient before

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4
Q

Recapping a clean needle

A

one-handed scoop method

slide needle into cap that’s laying on flat surface then push together gently

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5
Q

Should you recap a used needle?

A

NO

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6
Q

What syringe do you usually use for injections?

A

1-3 mL

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7
Q

What is the unit of measurement on insulin syringes?

A

units

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8
Q

What is the unit of measurement on tuberculin (TB) syringes?

A

mL (0.1, 0.2, …, 1mL)

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9
Q

Tip of syringe

A

connects to needle

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10
Q

Barrel of syringe

A

scales/measurements are printed on it

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11
Q

Plunger of syringe

A

fits inside the barrel; administers the med

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12
Q

Luer-Lok syringe tip

A

needle is TWISTED on to prevent accidental removal of needle

LOCKS in place

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13
Q

Non-Luer-Lok or Slip Tip syringe tip

A

needles are SLIPPED onto the syringe

SLIDES on

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14
Q

Hub of a needle

A

fits onto the syringe

colored part

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15
Q

Shaft of a needle

A

attached to the hub

depends on where you’re giving it at

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16
Q

Bevel of a needle

A

slanted part at the tip of the needle

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17
Q

Length of shaft

A

varies from 1/4 inch to 2 inches

depends on muscle mass, weight, type of injection

subcutaneous use shorter needles than IM

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18
Q

Gauge (diameter) of the shaft

A

varies from #18 to #30

the larger the gauge number, the smaller the diameter

gauge is determined by type of injection and thickness of med

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19
Q

Who determines the size needle to use for injections?

A

nurse (length and gauge)

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20
Q

What is used to determine proper needle size?

A

type of injection and viscosity (thickness) of med

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21
Q

Ampule

A

glass container designed to hold a single-dose of a drug

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22
Q

Do you have to wear gloves to draw up a medication out of a vial?

A

no, it is up to the person

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23
Q

Preparing medication from ampule

A

make sure all med is in body of ampule before breaking (flick top)
use an alcohol swab package when breaking
medication must be drawn up with a filter needle
the filter needle is replaced with regular needle for injection

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24
Q

Why do you use a filter needle to draw up a medication from an ampule?

A

so there’s no glass in the med

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25
In which direction do you snap the ampule?
away from you
26
Where do you draw up a medication?
away from the patient's room
27
vial
small glass or plastic bottle with a sealed rubber cap could be single or multi-dose
28
Preparing medications from a vial
use alcohol swab to wipe the rubber stopper must inject air into the vial before med can be withdrawn (must have = # of air and med) draw a little extra, flick to remove air, go by 1st ring of plunger (not tip) to tell the dose may switch needle after drawing up med and before administering med
29
Powder vials
must reconstitute the powder by adding a diluent sterile water or lidocaine (sometimes) follow package directions on amt and type of diluent to use
30
Can medications be combined into a single injection?
yes if they are compatible
31
How much can be given IM?
no more than 3 mL
32
How much can be given subQ?
usually 0.5 mL
33
Insulin Mixing
may mix short and long-acting insulin together
34
Short-acting insulin or regular insulin
clear
35
Long-acting or NPH insulin
cloudy
36
Which insulin do you draw up first?
short; clear to cloudy
37
Mixing insulin procedure
clean top of vial inject air in long-acting first inject air in short-acting withdraw short-acting withdraw long-acting CLEAR TO CLOUDY
38
Intradermal injections
into dermal layer, just under epidermis
39
Subcutaneous injections
into subcutaneous (fatty) tissue
40
Intramuscular injections
into muscle
41
How do you clean an injection site?
using an alcohol swab, wipe in an inward to outward circular motion don't touch it once you've cleaned it
42
How much liquid is used for an intradermal injection?
0.1 mL forms a bleb or wheal
43
What are intradermal injections used for?
TB and allergy testing
44
Common sites for intradermal injections
anterior lower arm upper chest back beneath the scapulae
45
What needle is used for intradermal?
30 gauge (very small)
46
Procedure for intradermal injection
bevel up inject at an angle of 15 degrees or less barely under skin just enough to have bevel under skin
47
How much liquid is used for subQ injections?
0.5-1 mL
48
Common drugs administered subQ
some vaccines insulin heparin (anticoagulants)
49
Common sites for subQ
outer, upper arm lower abdomen other: anterior thighs, scapular area of upper back, upper ventrogluteal, dorsogluteal area
50
Why do you change sites for subQ injections?
to prevent soreness and scar tissue
51
Procedure for subQ
pinch up skin inject at 45 degree angle 90 degree angle may be used in special circumstances 5/8 inch needle is typical for adult
52
What do you do after using needle?
activate safety device on firm surface (for any injection)
53
Besides RNs, who else can give insulin?
LPNs
54
How do you get the correct dose for insulin pens?
dial pen to correct dose, no syringe to read
55
Procedure for insulin pen
remove cap clean tip of pen with alcohol attach needle (push and click) prime needle (watch for squirt of liquid) by dialing pen to 2 units, point pen up and push knob and watch for liquid to appear dial pen to ordered dose verify dose and pen preparation with another nurse inject using 90 degree angle push knob down while counting to 5 slowly verify dial is now at 0 (hold dial facing you) remove needle from patient remove needle from pen and discard in sharps container
56
Which route absorbs more quickly, subcutaneous or intramuscular?
intramuscular
57
What is the recommended volume for intramuscular injections?
1-2 mL
58
How much volume can be administered in well-developed muscles?
3 mL
59
How much volume can be administered in the deltoid?
no more than 1 mL
60
Why is aspirating done for intramuscular injections?
to verify that the needle is in the muscle and not a blood vessel
61
How long are you supposed to aspirate for intramuscular injections?
5-10 seconds
62
How to aspirate for IM injection?
pull back on syringe for 5-10 seconds if no blood, administer the med if blood, pull out and start all over with a new syringe
63
Times aspirating may not be needed
deltoid vaccinations
64
Times aspirating may be needed
dorsogluteal (must aspirate as large blood vessels are present) thick or irritating medications
65
What is z-track technique and why is it used?
where you pull back the fat layer to side and inject in tight area it is less painful and decreases leakage into subQ tissue for irritating meds
66
What is the typical needle length for IM injections?
1 to 1 1/2 inch inject at 90 degree angle
67
Who is the deltoid site recommended for?
adults when injecting 1 mL or less rapid absorption in adults
68
Do you need to aspirate at the deltoid site?
no
69
What is the deltoid site common for? And what meds do you not give at this site?
vaccinations irritating meds
70
Landmarking for deltoid site
place two fingers below the acromion process inject directly below do not inject lower than the area of the axilla
71
What is the ventrogluteal site preferred for?
IM injections in adults safest site to admin lg vol injections (>1 mL) child must be over 7 months
72
Why is the ventrogluteal site safest?
minimal nerves and big bl vessels
73
Landmarking Ventrogluteal Site
side-lying position with knee slightly bent place heel of hand on greater trochanter (hip) fingers point towards head point middle finger straight up to anterior superior iliac crest spread index finger wide and inject between middle and index finger "v"
74
Why is vastus lateralis site preferred?
for infants under 1 year good option for obese clients
75
Landmarking vastus lateralis site
upper leg divided into thirds middle section outer aspect
76
Why is rectus femoris site preferred?
used only occasionally for IM ease of use for self-injection causes more discomfort than other sites
77
Landmarking rectus femoris site
upper leg divided into thirds middle section anterior aspect (front)
78
Why is Dorsogluteal Site not preferred?
unacceptable risk for clients close proximity to sciatic nerve and superior gluteal nerve and artery more subcutaneous tissue (med injected into tissue not muscle) need to aspirate for this injection site

Funds II Lab (5 decks)

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