Injuries

Question 1

Injury results in weakness against resistance in elevation of the scapula and atrophy of a lateral neck muscle as well as cranial nerve damage.

Answer 1

Trapezius (Cranial nerve XI)

Question 2

Injury results in weakness in extension and lateral rotation along entire length of spine

Answer 2

erector spinae

Question 3

Injury results in radiating pain around shoulder blades and weakness elevating ribs on deep breathing

Answer 3

Serratus posterior superior

Question 4

Neck injury results in weakened ability to extend and medially rotate upper limb

Answer 4

lattissimus dorsi

Question 5

sharp trauma to back of neck damages suboccipital nerve, resulting in weakened ability to extend and rotate the head to same same against resistance

Answer 5

rectus capitis posterior major

Question 6

malformation in group that attaches to ligamentum nuchae results in weakened ability to extend neck bilaterally

Answer 6

splenius capitis

Question 7

trauma to lateral neck results in lesion to dorsal scapular nerve and weakened ability to shrug shoulders

Answer 7

levator scapulae

Question 8

loss of innervation to pair of hypaxial muscles results in bilateral weakness in ability to retract scapulae but does not affect ability to elevate scapula

Answer 8

Rhomboids- major or minor

Question 9

In spinal surgery, small muscles of intrinsic back must be retracted from lamina and transverse processes of one or two vertebral segments

Answer 9

Rotatores

Question 10

In neck surgery, vertebral artery is observed passing just deep to the muscle prior to the artery entering the foramen magnum

Answer 10

Rectus capitis posterior major

Question 11

Whiplash injury (hyperextension) damages what

Answer 11

Anterior longitudinal ligament and can cause vertebral fracture

Question 12

Whiplash injury (hyperflexion) damages what

Answer 12

interspinous lignament and can cause vertebral fracture and disc herniation

Question 13

Injury to atlanto-axial joint affects what range of motion

Answer 13

Head shaking no and rotation

Question 14

Subclavian Steal Syndrome

Answer 14

Retrograde flow in the vertebral artery due to an ipsilateral subclavian artery stenosis.

Question 15

Deep laceration of the at the metacarpal carpal joint that cuts the deep palmar arch

Answer 15

compromise flexion of the fingers

deep palmar arch is post. to tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus

Question 16

Does deep laceration to the palmar arch usually damage the ulnar or radial artery?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

Wrist drop- midshaft fracture of humerus; badly fitted crutch; arm draped over chair

Answer 17

Radial Nerve injury

Question 18

extension of wrist and digits is lost; supination compromised; sensory loss of poster arm, forearm, and lateral aspect of hand

Answer 18

Radial nerve injury

Question 19

surgical neck of humerus fracture; abduction of arm to horizontal is compromised

Answer 19

Axillary nerve injury

Question 20

anterior dislocation of shoulder joint injury

Answer 20

axillary nerve injury

Question 21

Stab wound that affects abduction of arm past horizontal

Answer 21

long thoracic nerve injury

Question 22

common nerve injury in masectomy

Answer 22

long thoracic nerve injury

Question 23

Elbow injury that results in loss of flexion of wrist, and flexion of index and middle fingers as well as loss of abduction, opposition and flexion of thumb

Answer 23

Median nerve injury at elbow- supracondylar fracure of humerus

Question 24

wrist slash or carpel tunnel syndrome

Answer 24

affects flexion of index and middle fingers at MP joint, abduction and opposition of thumb is lost, can’t make an O with thumb and index finger

Question 25

Damage to palmar interosseus muscles affects

Answer 25

Adduction at the MP joint (PAD)

Question 26

Damage to the dorsal inerosseus muscles affects

Answer 26

Abduction at the MP joint (DAB)

Question 27

Carpal Tunnel syndrome can affect what structures that pass through it

Answer 27

Flexor digitorum, superficialis tendons, flexor digitorum profundus tendons, flexor pollicus longus tendon, and median nerve

Question 28

Carpel Tunnel syndrome can affect what arteries that pass through it

Answer 28

None- no arteries pass through the carpel tunnel

Question 29

Wrist slashing can affect what structures on the radial side

Answer 29

radial artery, median nerve, flexor carpid radialis, and palmaris longus

Question 30

Wrist slashing on the ulnar side can affect what structures

Answer 30

ulnar nerve, ulnar artery, flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 31

thickening and contracture of the palmar aponeurosis that leads to progrssive flexion of fingers is usually more pronounced in what fingers

Answer 31

ring and pinky

Question 32

forearm contracture at supracondylar of humerus affects what artery

Answer 32

brachial

Question 33

Most commonly fractured carpal bone- includes tenderness in the snuffbox

Answer 33

scaphoid bone

Question 34

Boxer's fracture- include pain to ulnar side and depression of the head of the pinky is damage to the what

Answer 34

fracture to head of fifth metacarpal

Question 35

Dinner fork deformity- when person falls on outstretched had with the wrist extended is an injury to what

Answer 35

radius and the ulnar styloid process

Question 36

Platysma is innervated by which nerve that can be injured during surgey and result in distortion of the shape of the mouth

Answer 36

facial nerve

Question 37

Injury to CN XI can cause paralysis of what muscle and affect which movement of the arm

Answer 37

Trapezius and ABDuction past the horizontal

Question 38

Severe upper limb hemorrhage may be stopped by compressing the what

Answer 38

subclavian artery

Question 39

Brachial nerve block, the needle is inserted where

Answer 39

at vertebral level C6

Question 40

Cervical Plexus nerve block the needle is inserted where

Answer 40

at vertebral level C3

Question 41

Lumbar puncture is done to draw CSF or inject into what area

Answer 41

subarachnoid space at level of L4-L5

Question 42

Rotaror cuff injuries can affect which muscles

Answer 42

Suprascapularis; infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and teres minor

Question 43

Upper brachial plexus injuries usually affect what muscles (C5-C6 roots)

Answer 43

Deltoid and biceps

Question 44

lower brachial plexus injuries usually affect what muscles (C8-T1)

Answer 44

things mediated by median and ulnar nerves- palmar hand and ulnar aspect of dorsal hand

Question 45

damage to the snuffbox can affect what artery

Answer 45

radial artery

Question 46

Elderly woman falls on outstretched hand and fractures surgical neck of humerus, which nerve is likely affected

Answer 46

Axillary which innervates deltoid and teres minor

Question 47

Absent biceps tendon reflex is associated with which levels

Answer 47

C5-C7

Question 48

Patient with midshaft humeral fracture and nerve entrapment likely damaged which nerve

Answer 48

Radial - innervates extensors of the arm

Question 49

Which muscle in rotator cuff most susceptible to injury

Answer 49

Supraspinatus

Question 50

Colles fracture- dinner fork deformity- affects which bone

Answer 50

radial

Question 51

Recurrent branch or thenar muscles are associated with which part of the body

Answer 51

carpel tunnel

Question 52

Patient has numbness over medial hand and atrophy of hypothenar muscles after injury to humeral epicondyle. Which nerve is affected

Answer 52

Ulnar

Question 53

To test the radial pulse, which muscle can be used to find the radial artery

Answer 53

Can be taken at wrist where artery lies just lateral to the flexor carpi radialis

Question 54

IV fluid into the medial cubital vein that enters the basilic vein would empty into which vein

Answer 54

axillary vein

Question 55

Which is most likely vulnerable to inflammation and sepsis at the shoulder joint

Answer 55

long head of triceps

Question 56

Major abductors of the hand

Answer 56

Dorsal interossei

Question 57

When making a fist, patient cannot flex first 3 fingers into palm. what nerve is likely affected

Answer 57

median nerve

Question 58

Despite injury to radial nerve in arm, a patient is still able to achieve supination. This is because of what muscle

Answer 58

biceps brachaii which is innervated by musculocutaneous

Question 59

Dislocation of the shoulder places which nerve most in jeopardy of injury

Answer 59

Axillary nerve- can be injured by shoulder dislocations and innervates deltoid and teres minor and passed through quadrangular space.