Injury prevention and rehabilitation

Question 1

What are the two types of injuries associated with physical activity?

Answer 1

acute

chronic

Question 2

Explain an acute injury

Answer 2

occurs at a specific moment in time, when there is a sudden injury associated with a traumatic event, such as a fracture of a bone in a boxers’s jaw or knew ligament tear after a bad tackle in football.

Question 3

Common causes of acute injures

Answer 3

collisions between two players
a fall from a horse
excessive impact from an object for example football

Question 4

Explain a chronic injury

Answer 4

occur over a period of time, a chronic injury is a slowly developed injury associated with repeated or continuous stress or overuse such as pain in a tennis players elbow or a runners heels.

Question 5

Common causes of chronic injuries

Answer 5

sudden increase in the intensity
frequency or duration of activity
reduction in recovery
inadequate warm up or cool down

Question 6

Two types of tissue injuries

Answer 6

hard tissue injuries

soft tissue injuries

Question 7

Explain hard tissue injuries

Answer 7

involve damage to the bone, joint or cartilage and include fractures and dislocations. Hard tissue injuries can result in internal bleeding, circulatory problems and joint instability and usually require hospital treatment

Question 8

Explain soft tissue injuries

Answer 8

most common in sports that involve sprains and strains to the muscles, tendons or ligaments. Soft tissue injuries result in inflammation and bruising and require immediate attention to minimise recovery time

Question 9

What are the signs and symptoms of acute injuries?

Answer 9

sudden pain
swelling
brusing
lack of movement 
disfiguration

Question 10

Define fracture

Answer 10

a partical or complete break in a bone due to an excessive force that overcomes he bone’s potential to flex

Question 11

How does a fracture usually occur?

Answer 11

a direct force - collision or an object

an indirect force - falling or poor technique

Question 12

What are the common indicators of a fracture?

Answer 12

pain at the fracture site
inability to move or unnatural movement of the injured area
deformity 
swelling 
dislocation

Question 13

What is a compound fracture??

Answer 13

the fractured bones themselves break through the skin, creating an open wound with a high risk of infection
(open)

Question 14

What is a simple fracture?

Answer 14

the fractures where the skin remains unbroken as the fracture causes little movement of the bone and therefore minimises the damage of the soft tissue surrounding it. (closed)

Question 15

What is an incomplete fracture?

Answer 15

a partical crack in the bone that doesn’t completely separate the bone

Question 16

What is a complete fracture?

Answer 16

a total break in the bone which separates the bone into one or more fragments.

Question 17

What is a greenstick fracture?

Answer 17

a splitting partial break in the bone resulting from a bending action

Question 18

What is a transverse, oblique or spiral fracture?

Answer 18

a crack perpendicular, diagonal or twisting respectively across the length of the bone

Question 19

What is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 19

a crack producing multiple fragments of the bone and a long recovery process

Question 20

What is an impacted fracture?

Answer 20

a break caused by the ends of a bone being compressed together

Question 21

What is a avulsion fracture?

Answer 21

a bone fragment detected at the site of the connective tissue attachment

Question 22

Define dislocation

Answer 22

the displacement of one bone from another out of their original position

Question 23

Define subluxation

Answer 23

an incomplete or partial dislocation